Week 3 Flashcards
external stabilization that holds the head in place in relation to the body
halo
we should make sure we’re not ranging an individual with a cervical injury more than how many degrees in which directions?
flexion or abduction more than 90 degrees
why should we not range individuals with cervical injuries more than 90 degrees in shoulder flexion and abduction?
bc the vertebrae can move and affect alignment of the neck
describe elbow extension in a C7 SCI.
can extend elbow if gravity is helping but can’t extend over their head
describe C6 SCI ROM/strength.
some strength in the triceps and they have wrist extension
describe C7 SCI ROM/strength.
can extend elbow if gravity is helping but can’t extend over head
describe C5 SCI ROM/strength.
has active diaphragm, active shoulder, and elbow flexion, can extend triceps at elbow while shoulder is in ER - external rotation assists them with elbow extension (since they do not have triceps function). IR puts the arm in a position where you don’t have gravity to have elbow extend
describe which SCI patients tend to use tenodesis.
C6 clients or any who don’t have finger function
an individual with a SCI should never weight bear on a what?
flat hand
why should an individual with a SCI never weight bear on a flat hand?
bc it over stretches the finger flexors and inhibits tenodesis.
describe weight bearing for SCI individuals.
- should lean back with hands behind while weightbearing.
- wrists should be extended and fingers should be flexed in a fist (curled under)
what is a preparatory activity for individuals with SCI for weight bearing?
work on getting chest and shoulders open to work on eventually bringing arms behind to weight bear and lean back
describe the difference between weightbearing (finger extension/over stretching) for patients with SCI and stroke.
- stroke - want fingers to open up
- SCI - no matter how much you open their fingers it won’t open them up so you have to prevent over stretching to preserve function.
describe posture precautions for individuals with SCI.
- prevent over stretching of lower back
- want to make sure they are in a slight anterior pelvic tilt or neutral or whatever their best posture is to prevent lower back from over stretching and tightening
- BP dangerously high
- comes from urine not being able to be expelled and comes back, infection - ingrown toenail or hangnail, or bowel impaction
autonomic dysreflexia
what is the first line of attack for AD?
check catheter to see if tubing is bent or if bag is full
- low BP
- occurs bc their circulatory system doesn’t pump up against gravity enough, blood pools in LEs, and doesn’t get pumped back up to the heart
orthostatic hypotension
what is the emergency solution for orthostatic hypotension?
head lower than heart, with feet up in the air
- commonly occurs on an airplane - squished static position
- blood pools together and builds a thrombus, if a piece of a thrombus breaks off it becomes an embolus and moves through, if it stops in the lung can stop someone from breathing
- treatments - blood thinners
deep vein thrombosis
name 2 signs of deep vein thrombosis.
- swelling, warmth, and pain in LE (usually on on side and not the other - if it’s bilateral it’s usually something else
- blue line - venous return starts bulging with unoxygenated blood
name a method of prevention for deep vein thrombosis.
compression socks (can be knee high or thigh high)
- where bone grows where it shouldn’t
- ex: joint space, muscle tissue
- painful
- prevents ROM or postural changes
- common in hips but can occur anywhere
heterotopic ossification
for individuals with heterotopic ossification, OTs should be cautious during what?
PROM or AROM
name 4 treatments for heterotopic ossification.
- vigorous ROM
- gentle ROM
- no ROM
- surgery (after bone growth stops)
