Week 3 Uworld Flashcards by Luke Hayek

what is seen on MRI of brain with JC virus?

asymmetric white matter lesions

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what endocrine disease is associated with miscarriages?

hashimotos

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if patient has clinical symptoms of EBV but negative mono spot test, what should you think about?

still mono

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what is test to diagnose infective endocarditis?

echo

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what are symptoms of infective endocarditis?

fever, weight loss, arthralgia and myalgias

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if patient for sure has a PE, what should be done first IV heparin or CTA?

IV heparin

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what vessels vasodilate in ascites? what vessels constrict in cirrhosis?

splanchnic dilate and renal constrict (HRS)

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aside from cavitations, what else appear on chest x rays with TB

effusions, consolidations and hilar lymphadenopathy

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which of marfan or ehlers danlos has poor wound healing?

ehlers danlos

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what are cardiac featuresof marfan?

aortic root dilation and mitral valve prolapse

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T wave inversions in young person EKG should make you think of what?

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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what drug can help reduce malignant cause hypercalcemia?

disphosphonates

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what arrhythmia is very common in digoxin toxicity?

atrial tachycardia with 2nd degree heart block

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if patient has low platelets and platelet clumps are seen on smear, what is diagnosis?

pseudothrombocytopenia

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what is side effect of cyclophosphamide?

bladder cancer

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how does ventricular aneurysm show up clinically in patient following an MI? what symptoms?

might start to have signs of heart failure. can also have angina

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what is seen on EKG in patient with left ventricular aneurysm?

persistent ST elevations

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what are symptoms of hodgkin lymphoma?

sweats, fever chills, pruritis

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what abx for bacillary angiomatosis?

erythromycin

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if patient just had cardiac stint placed and now has chest pain with ST elevation, what is cause?

stent thrombus

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if patient has HIV, how big can TB induration get to be considered for treatment?

5mm or more means treatment

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what is most common cause of vitreous hemorrhage?

diabetic retinopathy

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what happens to vision in vitreous hemorrhage?

sudden loss of vision with onset of floaters

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do you get hyper or hypotensive with pneumothorax?

hypotensive

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what is something we do that can cause hyponatremia everyday?

exercise...drinking too much hypotonic fluid

dapsone is associated with what heme disorder?

G6PD

two things to give for TCA overdose?

charcoal and sodium bicarbonate

what type of stroke does hypertension cause?

putamen hemorrhage

where does a putamen hemorrhage occur in the brain?

basal ganglia

what are common symptoms of a putamen hemorrhage?

contralateral hemiparesis and hemianesthesia

a drug overdose with tinnitus fever and tachypnea is suggestive of what?

salicylate toxicity

how does pH affect calcium and albumin?

when pH goes down, serum calcium goes up because hydrogen ions bind albumin and free up calcium, reverse is true for alkalosis

what is treatment of bullous pemphigoid?

topical steroids

is bullous pemphigoid itchy?

yes

what is rx for bells palsy?

steroids and acyclovir if needed

`can you use haldol in elderly patients with agitation?

yes...low dose

what anti diarrheal is used for chemotherapy induced diarrhea?

loperamide

what can happen with aortic dissection to the aortic valve?

can get severe aortic regurgitation causing pulmonary back up

two common SEs of phenytoin?

gingival hyperplasia and folate deficiency

what test is diagnostic for chronic pancreatitis?

CT scan of abdomen

patients with exacerbation of COPD who are on O2 but still having difficulty breathing should be put on what type of o2 support?

NIPPV non invasive positive pressure ventilation

a painless ulcer on penis with clean base means what?

syphilis

if rpr is negative and you suspect syphilis what should you do?

treponemal test

does PML/JC virus cause dementia in HIV patients? what are sx?

no...causes ataxia, motor deficits and altered mental status

what are sx of HIV associated neurocognitive dysfunction?

impaired memory and attention, behavior changes, can get ataxia

what is found on imaging in HIV associated neurocognitive dysfunction?

enlarged ventricles, atrophy and intense white matter

what cd4 count puts HIV patient at risk for HIV associated neurocognitive dysfunction?

200 or less

what is management of HIT?

stop ALL heparin products and start argatroban

four common findings of primary adrenal insufficiency?

weakness, weight loss, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia

when do pseudogout attacks often occur?

in setting of overuse/trauma

what joints are primarily involved in pseudogout?

knees and ankles

what is an imaging finding in pseudogout?

chondrocalcinosis

what drug can be used for somatic symptom disorder?

ssri

if parapneumonic effusion shows organisms in gram stain is it complicated or uncomplicated?

complicated

what is rx of complicated parapneumonic effusion?

abx and chest tube

what is most common transfusion reaction?

febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction

what causes febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction?

leukocyte junk in the unit of blood

when does febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction onset?

1-6 hours after transfusion

what are symptoms of febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction?

fever, chills and malaise

how do you prevent febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction?

leukoreduce blood producs

can gonorrhea cause sore throat?

yep...can get oral gonorrhea...causes sore throat and non tender lymphadenopathy with fever

what is a procedure that can cause thyroid storm?

anything that involves iodine contrast

what are sx of thyroid storm?

N/V/D, fever, tachycardia, arrythmias, agitation delirium and coma

what is acute management of ventricular fibrillation?

defibrillation

when do you use synchronized cardioversion

a fib, a flutter or v tach with a pulse

outside of viral and autoimmune, what is another potential cause of pericarditis?

uremia from kidney disease

if pericarditis is due to uremia, what should be done?

hemodialysis for treatment

what is significant side effect of methimazole?

agranulocytosis

along with elevated BNP what is another specific finding for CHF?

3 findings in osler weber rendau syndrome?

telangiectasias, recurrent epistaxis and AVMs

what bug is partially acid fast, filamentous and branching rod?

nocardia

what is rx of nocardia?

bactrim

what are sx of nocarida

lung nodules, brain abscess, wt loss fever and night sweats

what are sx of liver abscess?

fever, RUQ pain and hepatomegaly

what is imaging for liver abscesS?

what is rx of liver asbscess?

abx and drainage

what is MAT?

multifocal atrial tachycardia

what are signs of MAT on EKG?

3 p wave forms, narrow qrs with rate over 100

what is rx of MAT?

treat underlying cause