Week 3 Uworld Flashcards
what is seen on MRI of brain with JC virus?
asymmetric white matter lesions
what endocrine disease is associated with miscarriages?
hashimotos
if patient has clinical symptoms of EBV but negative mono spot test, what should you think about?
still mono
what is test to diagnose infective endocarditis?
echo
what are symptoms of infective endocarditis?
fever, weight loss, arthralgia and myalgias
if patient for sure has a PE, what should be done first IV heparin or CTA?
IV heparin
what vessels vasodilate in ascites? what vessels constrict in cirrhosis?
splanchnic dilate and renal constrict (HRS)
aside from cavitations, what else appear on chest x rays with TB
effusions, consolidations and hilar lymphadenopathy
which of marfan or ehlers danlos has poor wound healing?
ehlers danlos
what are cardiac featuresof marfan?
aortic root dilation and mitral valve prolapse
T wave inversions in young person EKG should make you think of what?
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
what drug can help reduce malignant cause hypercalcemia?
disphosphonates
what arrhythmia is very common in digoxin toxicity?
atrial tachycardia with 2nd degree heart block
if patient has low platelets and platelet clumps are seen on smear, what is diagnosis?
pseudothrombocytopenia
what is side effect of cyclophosphamide?
bladder cancer
how does ventricular aneurysm show up clinically in patient following an MI? what symptoms?
might start to have signs of heart failure. can also have angina
what is seen on EKG in patient with left ventricular aneurysm?
persistent ST elevations
what are symptoms of hodgkin lymphoma?
sweats, fever chills, pruritis
what abx for bacillary angiomatosis?
erythromycin
if patient just had cardiac stint placed and now has chest pain with ST elevation, what is cause?
stent thrombus
if patient has HIV, how big can TB induration get to be considered for treatment?
5mm or more means treatment
what is most common cause of vitreous hemorrhage?
diabetic retinopathy
what happens to vision in vitreous hemorrhage?
sudden loss of vision with onset of floaters
do you get hyper or hypotensive with pneumothorax?
hypotensive
what is something we do that can cause hyponatremia everyday?
exercise…drinking too much hypotonic fluid
dapsone is associated with what heme disorder?
G6PD
two things to give for TCA overdose?
charcoal and sodium bicarbonate
what type of stroke does hypertension cause?
putamen hemorrhage
where does a putamen hemorrhage occur in the brain?
basal ganglia
what are common symptoms of a putamen hemorrhage?
contralateral hemiparesis and hemianesthesia
a drug overdose with tinnitus fever and tachypnea is suggestive of what?
salicylate toxicity
how does pH affect calcium and albumin?
when pH goes down, serum calcium goes up because hydrogen ions bind albumin and free up calcium, reverse is true for alkalosis
what is treatment of bullous pemphigoid?
topical steroids
is bullous pemphigoid itchy?
yes
what is rx for bells palsy?
steroids and acyclovir if needed
`can you use haldol in elderly patients with agitation?
yes…low dose
what anti diarrheal is used for chemotherapy induced diarrhea?
loperamide
what can happen with aortic dissection to the aortic valve?
can get severe aortic regurgitation causing pulmonary back up
two common SEs of phenytoin?
gingival hyperplasia and folate deficiency
what test is diagnostic for chronic pancreatitis?
CT scan of abdomen
patients with exacerbation of COPD who are on O2 but still having difficulty breathing should be put on what type of o2 support?
NIPPV non invasive positive pressure ventilation
a painless ulcer on penis with clean base means what?
syphilis
if rpr is negative and you suspect syphilis what should you do?
treponemal test
does PML/JC virus cause dementia in HIV patients? what are sx?
no…causes ataxia, motor deficits and altered mental status
what are sx of HIV associated neurocognitive dysfunction?
impaired memory and attention, behavior changes, can get ataxia
what is found on imaging in HIV associated neurocognitive dysfunction?
enlarged ventricles, atrophy and intense white matter
what cd4 count puts HIV patient at risk for HIV associated neurocognitive dysfunction?
200 or less
what is management of HIT?
stop ALL heparin products and start argatroban
four common findings of primary adrenal insufficiency?
weakness, weight loss, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia
when do pseudogout attacks often occur?
in setting of overuse/trauma
what joints are primarily involved in pseudogout?
knees and ankles
what is an imaging finding in pseudogout?
chondrocalcinosis
what drug can be used for somatic symptom disorder?
ssri
if parapneumonic effusion shows organisms in gram stain is it complicated or uncomplicated?
complicated
what is rx of complicated parapneumonic effusion?
abx and chest tube
what is most common transfusion reaction?
febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction
what causes febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction?
leukocyte junk in the unit of blood
when does febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction onset?
1-6 hours after transfusion
what are symptoms of febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction?
fever, chills and malaise
how do you prevent febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction?
leukoreduce blood producs
can gonorrhea cause sore throat?
yep…can get oral gonorrhea…causes sore throat and non tender lymphadenopathy with fever
what is a procedure that can cause thyroid storm?
anything that involves iodine contrast
what are sx of thyroid storm?
N/V/D, fever, tachycardia, arrythmias, agitation delirium and coma
what is acute management of ventricular fibrillation?
defibrillation
when do you use synchronized cardioversion
a fib, a flutter or v tach with a pulse
outside of viral and autoimmune, what is another potential cause of pericarditis?
uremia from kidney disease
if pericarditis is due to uremia, what should be done?
hemodialysis for treatment
what is significant side effect of methimazole?
agranulocytosis
along with elevated BNP what is another specific finding for CHF?
S3
3 findings in osler weber rendau syndrome?
telangiectasias, recurrent epistaxis and AVMs
what bug is partially acid fast, filamentous and branching rod?
nocardia
what is rx of nocardia?
bactrim
what are sx of nocarida
lung nodules, brain abscess, wt loss fever and night sweats
what are sx of liver abscess?
fever, RUQ pain and hepatomegaly
what is imaging for liver abscesS?
CT
what is rx of liver asbscess?
abx and drainage
what is MAT?
multifocal atrial tachycardia
what are signs of MAT on EKG?
3 p wave forms, narrow qrs with rate over 100
what is rx of MAT?
treat underlying cause
