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Medicine Week 1 NCs > Week 3 Uworld > Flashcards

Week 3 Uworld Flashcards

1
Q

what is seen on MRI of brain with JC virus?

A

asymmetric white matter lesions

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2
Q

what endocrine disease is associated with miscarriages?

A

hashimotos

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3
Q

if patient has clinical symptoms of EBV but negative mono spot test, what should you think about?

A

still mono

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4
Q

what is test to diagnose infective endocarditis?

A

echo

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5
Q

what are symptoms of infective endocarditis?

A

fever, weight loss, arthralgia and myalgias

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6
Q

if patient for sure has a PE, what should be done first IV heparin or CTA?

A

IV heparin

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7
Q

what vessels vasodilate in ascites? what vessels constrict in cirrhosis?

A

splanchnic dilate and renal constrict (HRS)

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8
Q

aside from cavitations, what else appear on chest x rays with TB

A

effusions, consolidations and hilar lymphadenopathy

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9
Q

which of marfan or ehlers danlos has poor wound healing?

A

ehlers danlos

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10
Q

what are cardiac featuresof marfan?

A

aortic root dilation and mitral valve prolapse

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11
Q

T wave inversions in young person EKG should make you think of what?

A

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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12
Q

what drug can help reduce malignant cause hypercalcemia?

A

disphosphonates

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13
Q

what arrhythmia is very common in digoxin toxicity?

A

atrial tachycardia with 2nd degree heart block

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14
Q

if patient has low platelets and platelet clumps are seen on smear, what is diagnosis?

A

pseudothrombocytopenia

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15
Q

what is side effect of cyclophosphamide?

A

bladder cancer

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16
Q

how does ventricular aneurysm show up clinically in patient following an MI? what symptoms?

A

might start to have signs of heart failure. can also have angina

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17
Q

what is seen on EKG in patient with left ventricular aneurysm?

A

persistent ST elevations

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18
Q

what are symptoms of hodgkin lymphoma?

A

sweats, fever chills, pruritis

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19
Q

what abx for bacillary angiomatosis?

A

erythromycin

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20
Q

if patient just had cardiac stint placed and now has chest pain with ST elevation, what is cause?

A

stent thrombus

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21
Q

if patient has HIV, how big can TB induration get to be considered for treatment?

A

5mm or more means treatment

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22
Q

what is most common cause of vitreous hemorrhage?

A

diabetic retinopathy

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23
Q

what happens to vision in vitreous hemorrhage?

A

sudden loss of vision with onset of floaters

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24
Q

do you get hyper or hypotensive with pneumothorax?

A

hypotensive

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25
Q

what is something we do that can cause hyponatremia everyday?

A

exercise…drinking too much hypotonic fluid

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26
Q

dapsone is associated with what heme disorder?

A

G6PD

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27
Q

two things to give for TCA overdose?

A

charcoal and sodium bicarbonate

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28
Q

what type of stroke does hypertension cause?

A

putamen hemorrhage

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29
Q

where does a putamen hemorrhage occur in the brain?

A

basal ganglia

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30
Q

what are common symptoms of a putamen hemorrhage?

A

contralateral hemiparesis and hemianesthesia

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31
Q

a drug overdose with tinnitus fever and tachypnea is suggestive of what?

A

salicylate toxicity

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32
Q

how does pH affect calcium and albumin?

A

when pH goes down, serum calcium goes up because hydrogen ions bind albumin and free up calcium, reverse is true for alkalosis

33
Q

what is treatment of bullous pemphigoid?

A

topical steroids

34
Q

is bullous pemphigoid itchy?

A

yes

35
Q

what is rx for bells palsy?

A

steroids and acyclovir if needed

36
Q

`can you use haldol in elderly patients with agitation?

A

yes…low dose

37
Q

what anti diarrheal is used for chemotherapy induced diarrhea?

A

loperamide

38
Q

what can happen with aortic dissection to the aortic valve?

A

can get severe aortic regurgitation causing pulmonary back up

39
Q

two common SEs of phenytoin?

A

gingival hyperplasia and folate deficiency

40
Q

what test is diagnostic for chronic pancreatitis?

A

CT scan of abdomen

41
Q

patients with exacerbation of COPD who are on O2 but still having difficulty breathing should be put on what type of o2 support?

A

NIPPV non invasive positive pressure ventilation

42
Q

a painless ulcer on penis with clean base means what?

A

syphilis

43
Q

if rpr is negative and you suspect syphilis what should you do?

A

treponemal test

44
Q

does PML/JC virus cause dementia in HIV patients? what are sx?

A

no…causes ataxia, motor deficits and altered mental status

45
Q

what are sx of HIV associated neurocognitive dysfunction?

A

impaired memory and attention, behavior changes, can get ataxia

46
Q

what is found on imaging in HIV associated neurocognitive dysfunction?

A

enlarged ventricles, atrophy and intense white matter

47
Q

what cd4 count puts HIV patient at risk for HIV associated neurocognitive dysfunction?

A

200 or less

48
Q

what is management of HIT?

A

stop ALL heparin products and start argatroban

49
Q

four common findings of primary adrenal insufficiency?

A

weakness, weight loss, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia

50
Q

when do pseudogout attacks often occur?

A

in setting of overuse/trauma

51
Q

what joints are primarily involved in pseudogout?

A

knees and ankles

52
Q

what is an imaging finding in pseudogout?

A

chondrocalcinosis

53
Q

what drug can be used for somatic symptom disorder?

A

ssri

54
Q

if parapneumonic effusion shows organisms in gram stain is it complicated or uncomplicated?

A

complicated

55
Q

what is rx of complicated parapneumonic effusion?

A

abx and chest tube

56
Q

what is most common transfusion reaction?

A

febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction

57
Q

what causes febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction?

A

leukocyte junk in the unit of blood

58
Q

when does febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction onset?

A

1-6 hours after transfusion

59
Q

what are symptoms of febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction?

A

fever, chills and malaise

60
Q

how do you prevent febrile non hemolytic transfusion reaction?

A

leukoreduce blood producs

61
Q

can gonorrhea cause sore throat?

A

yep…can get oral gonorrhea…causes sore throat and non tender lymphadenopathy with fever

62
Q

what is a procedure that can cause thyroid storm?

A

anything that involves iodine contrast

63
Q

what are sx of thyroid storm?

A

N/V/D, fever, tachycardia, arrythmias, agitation delirium and coma

64
Q

what is acute management of ventricular fibrillation?

A

defibrillation

65
Q

when do you use synchronized cardioversion

A

a fib, a flutter or v tach with a pulse

66
Q

outside of viral and autoimmune, what is another potential cause of pericarditis?

A

uremia from kidney disease

67
Q

if pericarditis is due to uremia, what should be done?

A

hemodialysis for treatment

68
Q

what is significant side effect of methimazole?

A

agranulocytosis

69
Q

along with elevated BNP what is another specific finding for CHF?

A

S3

70
Q

3 findings in osler weber rendau syndrome?

A

telangiectasias, recurrent epistaxis and AVMs

71
Q

what bug is partially acid fast, filamentous and branching rod?

A

nocardia

72
Q

what is rx of nocardia?

A

bactrim

73
Q

what are sx of nocarida

A

lung nodules, brain abscess, wt loss fever and night sweats

74
Q

what are sx of liver abscess?

A

fever, RUQ pain and hepatomegaly

75
Q

what is imaging for liver abscesS?

A

CT

76
Q

what is rx of liver asbscess?

A

abx and drainage

77
Q

what is MAT?

A

multifocal atrial tachycardia

78
Q

what are signs of MAT on EKG?

A

3 p wave forms, narrow qrs with rate over 100

79
Q

what is rx of MAT?

A

treat underlying cause

Medicine Week 1 NCs (6 decks)

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