Week 2 UWorld Flashcards
what are two benign liver masses?
hepatic adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia
how does focal nodular hyperplasia of liver appear on imaging?
hypodense with central scarring
what can cause severe onset psoriasis in patient who has never had psoriasis?
HIV
what are the GI symptoms of whipple disease?
steatorrhea, diarrhea, abdominal pain
what are extraintestinal symptoms of whipple disease?
arthropathy, cough and heart valve involvement
what is rx for legionnaires?
macrolide or fluoroquinolone
what are symptoms of late neurosyphillis?
ataxia, argyyl robinson pupil, sharp shooting pains, neurogenic urinary incontinence
what happens at onset of botulism?
dysphagia, double vision cranial nerve issues
how does boutlism progress?
descending paralysis
what is rx for botulism?
equine anti toxin
what can you get botulism from?
honey, canned foods and fish
what lab indicates that an asthmatic is getting really bad during an acute exacerbation?
if pH and arterial CO2 are normal…should be getting alkalotic
what can be found on ecg in patient with pericardial effusion?
electrical alterans
what is electrical alterans?
rotating between QRS amplitude
what are signs of hodgkin lymphoma?
B symptoms with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy
who gets hodgkin lyphoma?
young adults
on a PET scan, what organs can light up even without abnormal things going on?
kidney, brain, and liver
what are the two hemolysis labs and levels during hemolysis?
haptoglobin low
LDH high
what MSK issue can alcohol cause acutely?
lower extremity myopathy
what can rhabdomyolysis cause to happen with kidneys?
AKI
how does stomach pain often change with gastric cancer?
gets worse with eating
what are 6 EKG findings of hyperkalemia?
loss of P waves, increased PR interval, peaked T waves, sinusoid pattern, QRS widening, conduction blocks
what are signs of constrictive pericarditis on JVP?
sharp x and y descents
what infectious disease commonly causes constrictive pericarditis?
TB
name five drugs that cause hepatitis
steroids, isoniazid, valproate, acetaminophen and allopurinol
what electrolyte abnormality indicates poor prognosis of HF?
hyponatremia
patient with FAP should have what type of CRC screening done?
frequent colonoscopy then take it our
what lab abnormality can happen with large amounts of blood transfusion?
hypocalcemia
aside from systolic murmur what is a physical exam sign consistent with AS?
delayed and weak carotid pulse
what are CSF findings in HSV encephalitis?
lymphocytes high with RBCs
what are clinical signs of HSV encephalitis?
fever, seizures and behavioral changes
what is the cause of pyoderma gangrenosum? what is it?
neutrophilic infiltrate following local trauma…not bacteria
it is a BAD ulcer
what is pyoderma gangrenosum associated with?
IBD and RA
what is rx of pyoderma gangrenosum?
steroids
aside from TB what other mycobacterium can patients with AIDS get? what cd4 count?
avium…less than 50
what are sx of mycobacterium avium?
fever, weight loss, diarrhea, abdominal pain
what is rx of mycobacterium avium?
macrolide and ethambutol
what are symptoms of hyperviscosity syndrome from waldenstroms macroglobulinemia?
diplopia, tinnitus, headache, and neuropathy
if SIADH leads to severe hyponatremia what do you do?
hypertonic saline
what is first line therapy of SIADH?
fluid restrict
how does tissue invasive CMV infection present?
patient with immunosuppression develops pneumonia type picture along with GI issues and rectal bleeding
what is used to treat CMV?
ganciclovir
if patient has rusty wounds and has been vaccinated to tetanus, what do they need?
just booster
what lab abnormality can occur in beta blocker toxicity?
hypoglycemia
what should be given for beta blocker OD?
atropine, glucagon, fluid
what is treatment of metabolic alkalosis from vomiting?
normal saline and potassium
