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Medicine Week 1 NCs > Week 2 UWorld > Flashcards

Week 2 UWorld Flashcards

1
Q

what are two benign liver masses?

A

hepatic adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia

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2
Q

how does focal nodular hyperplasia of liver appear on imaging?

A

hypodense with central scarring

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3
Q

what can cause severe onset psoriasis in patient who has never had psoriasis?

A

HIV

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4
Q

what are the GI symptoms of whipple disease?

A

steatorrhea, diarrhea, abdominal pain

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5
Q

what are extraintestinal symptoms of whipple disease?

A

arthropathy, cough and heart valve involvement

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6
Q

what is rx for legionnaires?

A

macrolide or fluoroquinolone

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7
Q

what are symptoms of late neurosyphillis?

A

ataxia, argyyl robinson pupil, sharp shooting pains, neurogenic urinary incontinence

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8
Q

what happens at onset of botulism?

A

dysphagia, double vision cranial nerve issues

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9
Q

how does boutlism progress?

A

descending paralysis

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10
Q

what is rx for botulism?

A

equine anti toxin

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11
Q

what can you get botulism from?

A

honey, canned foods and fish

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12
Q

what lab indicates that an asthmatic is getting really bad during an acute exacerbation?

A

if pH and arterial CO2 are normal…should be getting alkalotic

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13
Q

what can be found on ecg in patient with pericardial effusion?

A

electrical alterans

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14
Q

what is electrical alterans?

A

rotating between QRS amplitude

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15
Q

what are signs of hodgkin lymphoma?

A

B symptoms with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy

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16
Q

who gets hodgkin lyphoma?

A

young adults

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17
Q

on a PET scan, what organs can light up even without abnormal things going on?

A

kidney, brain, and liver

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18
Q

what are the two hemolysis labs and levels during hemolysis?

A

haptoglobin low

LDH high

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19
Q

what MSK issue can alcohol cause acutely?

A

lower extremity myopathy

20
Q

what can rhabdomyolysis cause to happen with kidneys?

A

AKI

21
Q

how does stomach pain often change with gastric cancer?

A

gets worse with eating

22
Q

what are 6 EKG findings of hyperkalemia?

A

loss of P waves, increased PR interval, peaked T waves, sinusoid pattern, QRS widening, conduction blocks

23
Q

what are signs of constrictive pericarditis on JVP?

A

sharp x and y descents

24
Q

what infectious disease commonly causes constrictive pericarditis?

A

TB

25
Q

name five drugs that cause hepatitis

A

steroids, isoniazid, valproate, acetaminophen and allopurinol

26
Q

what electrolyte abnormality indicates poor prognosis of HF?

A

hyponatremia

27
Q

patient with FAP should have what type of CRC screening done?

A

frequent colonoscopy then take it our

28
Q

what lab abnormality can happen with large amounts of blood transfusion?

A

hypocalcemia

29
Q

aside from systolic murmur what is a physical exam sign consistent with AS?

A

delayed and weak carotid pulse

30
Q

what are CSF findings in HSV encephalitis?

A

lymphocytes high with RBCs

31
Q

what are clinical signs of HSV encephalitis?

A

fever, seizures and behavioral changes

32
Q

what is the cause of pyoderma gangrenosum? what is it?

A

neutrophilic infiltrate following local trauma…not bacteria

it is a BAD ulcer

33
Q

what is pyoderma gangrenosum associated with?

A

IBD and RA

34
Q

what is rx of pyoderma gangrenosum?

A

steroids

35
Q

aside from TB what other mycobacterium can patients with AIDS get? what cd4 count?

A

avium…less than 50

36
Q

what are sx of mycobacterium avium?

A

fever, weight loss, diarrhea, abdominal pain

37
Q

what is rx of mycobacterium avium?

A

macrolide and ethambutol

38
Q

what are symptoms of hyperviscosity syndrome from waldenstroms macroglobulinemia?

A

diplopia, tinnitus, headache, and neuropathy

39
Q

if SIADH leads to severe hyponatremia what do you do?

A

hypertonic saline

40
Q

what is first line therapy of SIADH?

A

fluid restrict

41
Q

how does tissue invasive CMV infection present?

A

patient with immunosuppression develops pneumonia type picture along with GI issues and rectal bleeding

42
Q

what is used to treat CMV?

A

ganciclovir

43
Q

if patient has rusty wounds and has been vaccinated to tetanus, what do they need?

A

just booster

44
Q

what lab abnormality can occur in beta blocker toxicity?

A

hypoglycemia

45
Q

what should be given for beta blocker OD?

A

atropine, glucagon, fluid

46
Q

what is treatment of metabolic alkalosis from vomiting?

A

normal saline and potassium

Medicine Week 1 NCs (6 decks)

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