week 3- the knee NRA Flashcards
what is intercondylar tunel projection
knee flexed and tube 45 degrees caudal (down) angulation
helps to view femoral intercondylar spaces
what is Tangential Skyline or sunrise projection
Knee fully flexed and tube 10degree cephalic (up) angulation.
‘patella appears to be rising over the horizon’
parallel to patella (can see length of pattela. image faces the base)
define enthesis
point where tendon attaches to bone
what is sclerosis
the thickening of bone
an increase load
increase of compact bone
why does sclerosis show on an x-ray
bone density increases as load increases and more compact bone is made
name the standard series of the knee
AP
lateral knee
what is AP
anterior posterior view of image
what is lateral
side view of image
what is a bursae
an important lubricated fluid-filled thin sac located between bone and surrounding soft tissue, bones and tendons, and/or muscles around joints
aricularis genu muscle location and funtion
muscle fibres arise from femur and vatus intermeius
knee flexion and extension.
knee is extended, it pulls the suprapatellar bursa upward to prevent impingement between the femur and tibia.
what are Bipartite, tripartite and multipartite patella
the largest sesamoid in the body
dvelops a single ossification centre around 5/6 years old
what can failure of ossification of Bipartite, tripartite and multipartite patella cause
isolated segments
what is the dorsal defect of the patella
osteo lytic defect of uperior lateral dorsal surfac of patella (bone growth)
non specific, non-inflammatory s present
Related symptoms are rare.* 1% prevalence.
what is a fabella
a small sesamoid bone found in some mammals embedded in the tendon of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle behind the lateral condyle of the femur. abov tibfem joint
30% prevalence. Seen mostly on lateral views.
what is cymella
Within tendon of Popliteus. Seen mostly on AP views. Sits within the femoral popliteal groove. On a lateral will be close to thejoint line but in the midline.
