Week 3 - Social Perception

Question 1

social perception

Answer 1

how people form impressions of and make inferences about other people

Question 2

naïve psychology

Answer 2

Heider’s theory that people practice a form of untrained psychology as they use cause and effect analyses to understand their world and other peoples behaviour

Question 3

external attribution

Answer 3

seeing the behaviour as caused by something external to the person who performs the behaviour

Question 4

internal attribution

Answer 4

refers to whether the persons behaviour is caused by personal factors, such as traits, ability, effort, or personality

Question 5

correspondent inference theory

Answer 5

the theory that people infer whether a persons behaviour is caused by the persons internal disposition by looking at various factors related to the persons action

Question 6

covariation theory

Answer 6

the theory that people determine the causes of a persons behaviour by focusing on the factors that are preset when a behaviour occurs and absent when it doesn’t occur, with specific attention on the role of consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency

Question 7

consistency

Answer 7

info about whether a persons behaviour towards given stimulus is the same across time

Question 8

consensus

Answer 8

the first component of covariation theory and it refers to whether people generally agree or disagree with a given person

Question 9

distinctiveness

Answer 9

refers to whether the person generally reacts in a similar way across different situations

Question 10

ethnocentrism

Answer 10

a tendency to attribute desirable characteristics to ones own group and undesirable characteristics to out groups

Question 11

intergroup attribution

Answer 11

making attributions about ones own and others behaviours based on group membership

Question 12

fundamental attribution error (or correspondence bias)

Answer 12

the tendency to overestimate the role of personal causes and underestimate the role of situational causes in explaining behaviour

Question 13

belief in a just world

Answer 13

the phenomenon in which people believe that bad things happen to bad people and that good things happen to good people

Question 14

two-stage model of attribution

Answer 14

a model in which people first automatically interpret a persons behaviour as caused by dispositional factors, and then later adjust this interpretation by taking into account situational factors that may have contributed to the behaviour

Question 15

cultural display rules

Answer 15

rules in a culture that govern how universal emotions should be expressed