Week 3 (Slide 7 - END)

Question 1

Fetal Movement

Answer 1

spontaneous movements start at 7-8 wks post-conception; Then
expanded to: arm/leg/head/eye moving, wiggling gingers, grasping, hicupping, yawning,
sucking, flips, hand to mouth

Hand to mouth movements and anticipation (19-35 weeks)

Question 2

Fetus Sleep Wake Cycles

Answer 2

Circadian rhythms (24-hr cycle, adapted to mother’s cycle)

Question 3

Fetal Perception:

Answer 3

Sensory structures are present
relatively early in prenatal development

Question 4

(Fetal Perception) Hearing: _________ (____)

Answer 4

Responds to sounds

(6th – 7th) month of gestation)

Question 5

(Fetal Perception) Touch:______

Answer 5

tactile stimulation of own activity

Question 6

(Fetal Perception) Taste: _____

Answer 6

preference for sweet flavors

Question 7

(Fetal Perception) Smell: _____

Answer 7

can smell amniotic fluid

Question 8

(Fetal Perception) Vision: ______

Answer 8

limited, but will orient to
external light

Question 9

Fetal Learning

Answer 9

At birth preferences for familiar
smells/tastes/sounds with prenatal exposure

◦ Contingent reinforcement: sucking rate modified
to hear the mother’s voice than an unfamiliar
female’s voice (DeCasper & Spence, 1986)

 Learning and memory (last 6 weeks of
pregnancy “The Cat in the Hat”)
◦ Different sucking patterns

 Habituation to sound (35-37 weeks):
◦ heart rate change

Question 10

Labor and Birth happens at approx _____

Answer 10

Approx. 38 weeks

Question 11

The first stage of labour

Answer 11

(Dialation)

(8- 14 hrs for the first-born and
3-8 hrs for later-borns).

Contractions open cervix (dialate), soften, shorten, thin

Question 12

The second stage of labour (also known as ______)

Answer 12

(delivery)

(1/2 hr – 1.5 hr)
- Contractions propel fetus down birth canal

Question 13

The third stage of labour (also known as _______)

Answer 13

afterbirth
(5-10 min)
- Placenta is expelled

Question 14

involuntary, automatic response to a stimulus

Answer 14

Reflex

Question 15

Newborn Survival Reflexes

Answer 15

-Breathing
-Eye-blink
-Pupilllary
-Rooting
-Sucking
-Swallowing

Question 16

Newborn Primitive Reflexes

Answer 16

-Babinski
-Palmar
-Moro
-Swimming
-Stepping

Question 17

newborn reflex of repetitive inhalation and expiration

Answer 17

Breathing reflex

Question 18

newborn reflex of turning the head in the direction of a touch on the cheek

Answer 18

Rooting reflex

Question 19

newborn reflex of sucking on objects placed into the mouth

Answer 19

Sucking reflex

Question 20

newborn reflex of swallowing

Answer 20

Swallowing reflex

Question 21

newborn reflex of closing or blinking the eyes

Answer 21

Eye-blink reflex

Question 22

newborn reflex of constriction of pupils to bright light and
dilation to dark or dim light

Answer 22

Pupilllary reflex

Question 23

newborn reflex of fanning and then curling the toes (8 months to 1 year)

Answer 23

Babinski reflex

Question 24

newborn reflex of curling the fingers around objects that touch the baby’s palm (first 3-4 months)

Answer 24

Palmar grasping reflex

Question 25

newborn reflex of throw out arms and arch the back, and then bring the arms toward each other as if to hold onto something (4-6 months)

Answer 25

Moro reflex

Question 26

newborn reflex of actively move the legs and arms and involuntarily
hold breath when immersed in water (4-6 months)

Answer 26

Swimming reflex

Question 27

newborn reflex of when being held upright on a flat surface, the
baby will step as if to walk (8 weeks)

Answer 27

Stepping reflex

Question 28

6 STAGES of Infant Sleep-Wake Cycle

Answer 28

1. Regular/quiet sleep (8 hrs)
2. Irregular/active sleep (8 hrs)
3. Drowsing (1 hr)
4. Alert inactivity (2.5 hrs)
5. Active awake (2.5 hrs)
6. Crying (2 hrs)

Question 29

Proportion of Newborn sleep that is REM sleep

Why do newborns spend a lot of time in REM?

Answer 29

– 50% of newborn sleep
– 25 - 30 % of 6-month-old sleep

Autostimulation theory

Question 30

What is Autostimulation theory in newborns

Answer 30

Visual stimulation is central for both visual and brain development. The theory is that, while the baby is in REM sleep, these things are beign stimulated to benefit growth

Question 31

Functions of Sleep in newborns

Answer 31

Reduction of brain energy
expenditure
– Metabolic housekeeping
– Development of visual system (autostimulation theory)
– Support of sensorimotor system
– Consolidation of information &
learning