Week 3 (Slide 7 - END) Flashcards
Fetal Movement
spontaneous movements start at 7-8 wks post-conception; Then
expanded to: arm/leg/head/eye moving, wiggling gingers, grasping, hicupping, yawning,
sucking, flips, hand to mouth
Hand to mouth movements and anticipation (19-35 weeks)
Fetus Sleep Wake Cycles
Circadian rhythms (24-hr cycle, adapted to mother’s cycle)
Fetal Perception:
Sensory structures are present
relatively early in prenatal development
(Fetal Perception) Hearing: _________ (____)
Responds to sounds
(6th – 7th) month of gestation)
(Fetal Perception) Touch:______
tactile stimulation of own activity
(Fetal Perception) Taste: _____
preference for sweet flavors
(Fetal Perception) Smell: _____
can smell amniotic fluid
(Fetal Perception) Vision: ______
limited, but will orient to
external light
Fetal Learning
At birth preferences for familiar
smells/tastes/sounds with prenatal exposure
◦ Contingent reinforcement: sucking rate modified
to hear the mother’s voice than an unfamiliar
female’s voice (DeCasper & Spence, 1986)
Learning and memory (last 6 weeks of
pregnancy “The Cat in the Hat”)
◦ Different sucking patterns
Habituation to sound (35-37 weeks):
◦ heart rate change
Labor and Birth happens at approx _____
Approx. 38 weeks
The first stage of labour
(Dialation)
(8- 14 hrs for the first-born and
3-8 hrs for later-borns).
Contractions open cervix (dialate), soften, shorten, thin
The second stage of labour (also known as ______)
(delivery)
(1/2 hr – 1.5 hr)
- Contractions propel fetus down birth canal
The third stage of labour (also known as _______)
afterbirth
(5-10 min)
- Placenta is expelled
involuntary, automatic response to a stimulus
Reflex
Newborn Survival Reflexes
-Breathing
-Eye-blink
-Pupilllary
-Rooting
-Sucking
-Swallowing
Newborn Primitive Reflexes
-Babinski
-Palmar
-Moro
-Swimming
-Stepping
newborn reflex of repetitive inhalation and expiration
Breathing reflex
newborn reflex of turning the head in the direction of a touch on the cheek
Rooting reflex
newborn reflex of sucking on objects placed into the mouth
Sucking reflex
newborn reflex of swallowing
Swallowing reflex
newborn reflex of closing or blinking the eyes
Eye-blink reflex
newborn reflex of constriction of pupils to bright light and
dilation to dark or dim light
Pupilllary reflex
newborn reflex of fanning and then curling the toes (8 months to 1 year)
Babinski reflex
newborn reflex of curling the fingers around objects that touch the baby’s palm (first 3-4 months)
Palmar grasping reflex
newborn reflex of throw out arms and arch the back, and then bring the arms toward each other as if to hold onto something (4-6 months)
Moro reflex
newborn reflex of actively move the legs and arms and involuntarily
hold breath when immersed in water (4-6 months)
Swimming reflex
newborn reflex of when being held upright on a flat surface, the
baby will step as if to walk (8 weeks)
Stepping reflex
6 STAGES of Infant Sleep-Wake Cycle
- Regular/quiet sleep (8 hrs)
- Irregular/active sleep (8 hrs)
- Drowsing (1 hr)
- Alert inactivity (2.5 hrs)
- Active awake (2.5 hrs)
- Crying (2 hrs)
Proportion of Newborn sleep that is REM sleep
Why do newborns spend a lot of time in REM?
– 50% of newborn sleep
– 25 - 30 % of 6-month-old sleep
Autostimulation theory
What is Autostimulation theory in newborns
Visual stimulation is central for both visual and brain development. The theory is that, while the baby is in REM sleep, these things are beign stimulated to benefit growth
Functions of Sleep in newborns
Reduction of brain energy
expenditure
– Metabolic housekeeping
– Development of visual system (autostimulation theory)
– Support of sensorimotor system
– Consolidation of information &
learning
