Week 3- Postural Control: Basics

Question 1

Postural control

Answer 1

Ability to control a position for purposes of orientation and stability

Question 2

Orientation

Answer 2

Maintain appropriate relationship b/t body segments and b/t body and environment related to a task

Question 3

Stability

Answer 3

Maintaining COM over BOS

Question 4

COM

Answer 4

Average position of the mass

Question 5

COP

Answer 5

Where the COM projects to the support surface

Question 6

What components of the individual influence balance?

Answer 6

• Motor
• Sensory
• Cognitive

Question 7

Motor systems and postural control

Answer 7

• Musculoskeletal

- Muscle synergies (muscle working together)

Question 8

Sensory

Answer 8

• Sensory systems (vision, vestibular, and somatosensation)

- Sensory organization (higher centers in cortical parts of the brain)

Question 9

Cognitive

Answer 9

• Cognitive resources

- Cognitive strategies

Question 10

Muscle synergies

Answer 10

Muscles working together

Question 11

Sensory systems relevant in posture

Answer 11

• Vision
• Vestibular
• Somatosensation

Question 12

Sensory organization

Answer 12

Higher centers in cortical parts of the brain

Question 13

Cognitive resources

Answer 13

Is the person able to pay attention?

Question 14

Cognitive strategies

Answer 14

Posture first or posture second?

Question 15

What happens to cognition as postural demands increase?

Answer 15

As they increase it is more difficult to dedicate resources to properly perform the movements

Question 16

Posture first vs posture second strategies

Answer 16

• Have to decide if posture is the most important part of performing a motor task
• Ex: goalkeeper diving to stop ball

Question 17

Feedforward

Answer 17

Planning a movement ahead of time based on environment

Question 18

Feedback

Answer 18

Using the signals from environment to adjust posture

Question 19

Environmental considerations for balance

Answer 19

• Support surfaces
• Sensory context
• Cognitive load