Week 3: Life Transitions: Principles of Growth and Development & Health Across the Lifespan Flashcards
Erikson
8 stages - psycosocial
Different psychosocial tasks to complete
Even if the task isn’t complete, a person must move on to the next stage
Trust vs mistrust (infant-8 month)
Give safe nurturing love for trust
Self-soothing
Autonomy vs shame and doubt (18mon – 3yr)
Not allowing a child to create autonomy – shame and doubt
Initiative vs guilt (3-5yr)
Not allowing them to explore curiosity
Industry vs inferiority (5-13yr)
Responsibility independence (school)
Master skills, learning and doing vs not having the self-esteem to do that
Identity vs role confusion (13-21yr)
Find out/explore who you are
Intimacy vs isolation (21-39yr)
Romance vs loneliness
Generativity vs stagnation (40-65yr)
Contributing to society giving back vs not doing anything
Integrity vs despair (65+)
Looking back on life with fulfillment or regret
Piaget
cognitive stages
Stages:
Sensorimotor (0-2) ex, touch, and taste word
Preoperational (2-6) ex, words
Concrete operational (7-12) logic
Formal operational (12-adult) abstract thinking
Infancy
Growth
Growth chart
MAINTAIN, INCREASE OR DECREASE
Comparative measure
Weight
Length
Head
Fontanelles
Development
Milestones
Ex, 2 month – head can be kept up, roll over at a certain age, etc
Average child can do those things
18 month – 20 words
Nurse, listen to parent
See how the child interacts with caregivers(parents)
Early Childhood G&D
(1-3yrs)
Growth
Height
Weight (3x)
Teeth
Development
Elimination
Fine motor
Gross motor
Language – 2 word sentence 2 yr old
Potty train
Need to be able to identify urge
Motor control to pull off pants
Nurse = let them play, interact with the equipment, let them have their comfort item
Potty train By 4, they should be able to control their bladder
late childhood
3-6 yrs
Growth
Height
Weight
Development
Elimination
Fine/gross motor
Psychosocial
Potty train – don’t want to poop at school because they are embarrassed (more aware)so they hold it and become constipated
Want and need for privacy
Still scared
Being hurt
Monsters
Loneliness
Nurse – talk to the kid (they can’t reason, but they can understand)
Don’t use terminology they won’t understand
Don’t lie ex, say it won’t hurt but then it does
Can ask SOME questions about their health history (very simple)
school age
6-11 yrs
Growth
Height
Weight
Teeth
Growth spurts
Development
Awareness of body
Fine/gross motor
Big influence – school and social settings, peers
Nurse – they can start to see good vs bad health habits
Adolescence G&D
(12-18 years)
Growth
Height/weight
Sex-specific changes
Pubertal changes
Development
Hormones
Relationships
Sexuality
Mental health
RISK – risk taking, feeling of invincibility
Nurse – assure privacy and confidentiality
Ask questions in appropriate times
Be reasonable
Most parents you can say “we are going to do the history – for the physical part I will get you to sit out)
TIMING IS EVERYTHING
Tell them they have the right to privacy (I am legally obligated to keep your information confidential, I cannot tell your parents anything unless it is a risk to your self”
young adult
Growth and development
Body systems
Health behaviors
Activity
Major developmental tasks
Nurse – there past and how they grew up
middle adult
Growth and physcial changes
Starts to go backwards
Hair skin muscle
Sensory
Metabolism
Mental health/self-image
Social changes
Self concept
Life reflection
Role changes
Nurse – chronic disease management screening (more at risk for everything at this age)
Promote senses of fulfillment (ex, volunteer)
older adult
Normal physical changes
General survey
Integumentary
Head and neck
Thorax and lungs
Heart and vascular system
Breasts
Gastrointestinal system
Reproductive system
Urinary system
Muscoskeletal system
Neurological system
Nurse focus on
Sometimes need to talk to caregiver
Do not leave out the elder person though – you aren’t reverting to the 1-3 age
There is a fear of loss of independence or autonomy
Wont report pain, minimize health issues because they don’t want to end up in a home
Approach front on so they can see you and lower Ambiant sounds so they can hear you (look for hearing and seeing issues) go slower with this age group
Strengths based care
