Week 2: IPAC

Question 1

what is the chain of transmission?

Answer 1

infectious agent 
reservoir
portal of exit
transmission 
portal of entry 
susceptible host 
(all in a loop)

Question 2

what are routine practices

Answer 2

the practices that healthcare workers do regardless of the situation (like hand hygiene)

Question 3

infectious agents

Answer 3

bacteria, microorganisms, viruses, fungi, prions and parasites that can give a person an illness or disease

ex, covid-19, influenza, etc

Question 4

reservoir

Answer 4

where the infectious agent lives

ex, 
food
animals
people
inanimate surfaces
water 
soil

Question 5

portal of exit

Answer 5

how the infectious agent leaves the reservoir, like through a body opening when the reservoir is a person
ex, cough, sneezing

Question 6

mode of transmission

Answer 6

how the infectious agent travels
contact (direct or indirect) 
droplet
airborne 
vector 
vehicle

Question 7

portal of entry

Answer 7

how the infectious agent "gets in" 
ex, 
contaminated food, hands going in mouth
intercourse
inhalation of droplets and air 
Catheters in urethra 
rubbing eyes and nose

Question 8

susceptible host

Answer 8

the people most at risk of developing an illness or disease from an infectious agent getting in
old people
young people
people with autoimmune diseases or chronic illnesses
people with multiple caregivers

Question 9

what are the 4 moments of hand hygiene

Answer 9

1. Clean your hands when entering before touching the patient or any object or furniture in the patient’s environment.
   To protect the patient/ patient environment from harmful organisms carried on your hands.
2. Clean your hands immediately before any aseptic procedure.
   To protect the patient against harmful organisms, including the patient’s own organisms, entering his or her body.
3. Clean your hands immediately after an exposure risk to body fluids (and after glove removal).
   To protect yourself and the health care environment from harmful patient organisms.
4. Clean your hands when leaving after touching patient or any object or furniture in the patient’s environment.
   To protect yourself and the health care environment from harmful patient organisms.