Week 3 lecture Flashcards
What was the “Independent Living Movement International”?
- saw disability as a political phenomena similar to RACISM
- represented STIGMATIZATION, DISADVANTAGED, and CAST ASIDE
- destined to maintain their exclusion
- medical diagnostics were situated within the problem of INDIVIDUAL and encouraged DIVISION
What was the “Independent Living Movement International” known to do?
to get society to see that…
- the PERSON is in control of their life
- the PERSON can make the decision as they possess PERSONAL and ACCURATE information
- to acknowledge that the person with disability has more knowledge about their life than anyone else
What are the 2 systemic Medical-social models?
- ICF
- HDM-DCP
What are the goals of the ICF model?
- provide scientific basis for the study of health states, outcomes, and determinants
- establish a COMMON LANGUAGE to better communicate between users
- permit comparison of data between countries, health care disciplines, and time periods
- provide a SYSTEMIC CODING SCHEME
What does the ICF model look at?
- looks at the HEALTH of a person with a disability instead of looking at them as a disability
What are the “FUNCTIONAL” factors of the ICF model (x3)?
- body functions & structure
- activity
-participation
What consists of the “body functions and structure” of ICF?
- body function = physiological functions
- body structures = anatomical parts
-impairments= problems in body structure or function
BODY —> FUNCTION/STRUCTURE —> IMPAIRMENT
What consists of the “activities” of ICF?
- activity = how you can execute a task on your own
-activity limitation = difficulties one faces when executing a task
INDIVIDUAL –> ACTIVITY –> LIMITATION
What consists of the “participation” of ICF?
- participation = societal role, involvement in a REAL-LIFE situation
- restrictions of participation = problems that an individual may experience in involvement in a real-life situation
SOCIETY–> PARTICIPATION–> RESTRICTION
What are the two QUALIFIERS for activities and participation?
- CAPACITY –> ability to execute task or action in a STANDARDIZED environment
- PERFORMANCE –> what an individual does in his or her current environment , REAL LIFE situation
What are the “CONTEXTUAL”factors of the ICF model (x2)?
- ENVIRONMENTAL (does it limit your daily activity?)
- physical, social, and attitudinal environment
- can be a barrier or facilitator to their functioning
- EXTERNAL
- POSITIVE or NEGATIVE - PERSONAL (what YOU bring with YOU)
- not tied to health problem
- ex: age, gender, race, living conditions, etc…
What is the “HDM-DCP”?
- reduction of the realization of life habits resulting from the interaction between PERSONAL FACTORS and ENVIRONMENTAL factors
What are the “PERSONAL” factors of HDM-HCP (x3)?
- Identity factors –> age , SES, sex, life history, etc
- Organic systems (all organ systems)
measure from integrity <—-> Impairment
integrity = not subjected to an alteration
impairment = subjected to an alteration - capabilities –> possibility for an individual to accomplish a physical or mental activity
measure from OPTIMAL ability <–> TOTAL ability
optimal = able to , total = not able to
What are some “capabilities” of personal factors of HDM-HCP?
- intellectual
- language
- behaviour
- sense and perception
- motor activities
- breathing
- digestion
- excretion
- reproduction
- protection and resistance
What are the ENVIRONMENTAL factors of HDM-HCP? (3x dimensions, 2x categories)
Dimensions
1. MICRO –> personal
2. MESO –> community
3. MACRO –> societal
categories
1. Social factors
2. Physical factors
How do they measure the ENVIRONMENTAL factors of HDM-HCP?
- scale via “Facilitator<—-> Obstacle/Barrier”
facilitator –> PROMOTES LIFE HABITS when interacting with PERSONAL FACTORS
Obstacle/Barrier –> HINDERS LIFE HABITS when interacting with PERSONAL FACTORS
What is the “life-habits” portion of the HDM-HCP model?
- activites of daily living and social roles valued by the individual or the sociocultural environment according to his/her characteristics
- reduction in social participation = DECEASE accomplishing life habits
- disability = RESTRICTION in SOCIAL PARTICIPATION
what are the categories of LIFE HABITS?
- DAILY LIVING ACTIVITIES
- nutrition
- fitness
- personal care
- communication
- housing
- mobility - SOCIAL ROLES
- responsibilities
- interpersonal relationships
- community life
- education
- employment
- recreation
- other habits - SOCIAL ROLES
What is the overall goal of HDM-HCP?
placing the notion of INTERACTION
how rehabilitation approaches can reconcile with the social model of disability
see what life habit is most important –> set goals –> reassess goals
what does ICF and HCM-HCP have in common?
- interactive
- account environmental factors
-remove negative terminology - clearly defined measurable factors
Is dementia a normal part of aging?
NO!
What is the risk of dementia at 65?
14.9%
What is the risk of dementia at 85?
50%
How do you detect dementia clinically?
- not one simple test
- brain imaging
- diagnose by eliminating all other causes
-screening not good in community–> false postiive and negatives
What is “mild cognitive impairment”?
the stage between the expected decline in memory and thinking that happens with age and the more serious decline of dementia.
How can you treat “mild cognitive impairment”?
- healthy diet
- exercise
- activities
- social/mental support –> decreases stress
-medications (cholinesterase inhibitors, glutamate anatagonists, psychotropics)
What is a risk with MCI?
POLYPHARMACY!
How many people worldwide have dementia?
55 million
What is the common cause of dementia?
Alzheimer’s Disease (60-70%)
Is dementia a common cause of disability and dependency among older people?
YES
What are symptoms of dementia?
- difficulties with everyday tasks
- confusion with familiar enironments
- difficulty with words and numbers
- memory loss
- changes in mood and behaviour
Can you cure dementia?
NO:(
What can help with lessening symptoms or getting dementia?
- social support can have impact on caregivers
-exercise
What is MULTIMORBIDITY ?
presence of 2+ morbidities that CO-OCCUR (one is not the index of another)
CHRONIC diseases
As symptom load INCREASES, quality of life DECREASES
What influences health in older age?
- Intrinsic capacities
- Functional ability