Week 1 lectures Flashcards
According to WHO, what is the percentage of the WORLD’s population for people with some form of DISABILITY?
16%
In CANADA, how many people have at least ONE DISABILITY(%)?
22%
What are the top 4 disability types?
- Pain-related (15%)
- Flexibility (10%)
- Mobility (10%)
- Mental Health related (7%)
How many CANADIANS cannot afford things needed to live due to their disability all because of cost?
1.6 million
What is the percentage of people with disabilities that are employed?
59%
How did covid affect people with disabilities?
- protective measures created barriers
- unsure if communication of covid updates and measures was accessible
What is MULTIMORBIDITY? What is the percentage of older adults with this?
someone with multiple chronic conditions (heavy load of symptoms INCREASES, decreased quality of life DECREASES)
> 50%
How many CANADIANS are affected by multimorbidity (2 of 5 major chronic diseases, 20+ yrs old)?
6.9%
How many CANADIANS are affected by multimorbidity (2 of 10 common chronic diseases, 20+yrs old)?
15.8%
What is the “moral/religious model” of illness and disability?
- seen as a representation of “god’s doing” (they were DESERVED) or a “punishment” by evil spirits, the sins you committed/bad behaviours
- seen in christianity, hinduisms, and buddhism (see lecture slide for examples” –> mostly seen as disability is result of punishment
What is the “protective interpretation” of disability?
- psychological safeguard
- seen as “happened for a reason”, “saved for a reason”, “I take it as a form of punishment”
-relfect moral/religious interpretations
What is the “infirm body” and “the person”?
Infirm body = you are of poor or deteriorated vitality, weak of mind, fragile, need help as if your begging
Associated with being poverish (like a beggar) and dishonest (like a thief)
What consequences have occurred from the moral/religious model?
- informs and justifies DISCRIMINATION of people with disabilities
- caused people to feel “pity” if you are disabled
- caused people to believe they have a “moral obligation to help” those who are less fortunate than us
therefore, reinforces SUPERIORITY and INFERIORITY
What is a historical example of discrimination being shown to people with disabilities?
How the clergy took care of sick and “handicapped people” by segregating them from society in the “Hospital of Incurables”
Also use to be seen that if one family member had a disability than that put a “bad rep” on the whole family and often that one person was shipped away to be taken care of
How do indigenous peoples see disability?
- there is NO WORD for disability in their language
- see people with disabilities as a PURPOSE to LEARN from them
- no one seen as abnormal
What is “hand-in-cap”?
- mean “in equal parts”
- came from bartering –> people would keep their hands in their caps until they thought the exchange of goods was equal enough or good enough
- in sports –> horse racing : would put weights on horse to make race more fair (put the hprse at a disadvantage to balance out probabilities of victory
Golf–> low number equal good play
The word “handicap” associates with what?
-disadvantages!!
Do we use the term handicap anymore in canada?
NO! We use PERSON FIRST language (person w/ disability) or use “disability” instead
How was disability seen pre-1970s?
Not able to contribute to society
depend on charity
not worthy
How was disability seen in 1970s?
- people with disabilities began to organize
- fought for same basic human rights
- wanted to be treated as equals
-Lots more community and educational inclusion
-Have medically-focused solutions
-Seen that disability can come from environmental factors as well as by their bodies
What was the progression of the use of the word handicap/disability? (see slide 23-27 lecture 2)
- Associations adopt the word disability
- Becomes a judicial and political term
- first time in 1981 they consulted on disabilities - Recognized by international organizations (CRPD, UN)
- Becomes an object of scientific research and education (marginaized groups tend less to be studied, mostly in US UK and CAN)
What is Health?
state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
not modified since 1946
What is the historical definition of “Impairment”?
any loss of abnormality or a psychological or anatomical structure or function
What is the historical definition of Disability?
resulting from impairment
any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within range considered normal for a human being
What is the term old handicap defined as?
Disadvantages experienced by the individual as a result of impairments and disabilities
Interaction with and adaptation to the individual’s surroundings
In the medical field, what was the LINEAR model used to see the clinical course of handicap?
impairment –> disability—> handicap
What is the NEW term for disability defined as?
Umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations or participation restrictions
shows the negative aspects of the interaction between a person’s health condition(s) and that individual’s contextual factors (environmental and personal)
Why do we need a word, model to describe a person with a disability(3 things)?
- medicine and research
- social
- legal
