Week 3 - From Textbook

Question 1

When is endurance training most effective for ⬇️ bp ?

Answer 1

Training freq - 3-5 times/week

Lasting at least 30 mins

Between 50-85% of VO2 max

Question 2

After 4 weeks of endurance training what is the ⬆️ in plasma vol. thought to be a result of?

Answer 2

Continued plasma vol. + an ⬆️ in no. of RBC

Question 3

What does aldosterone do?

Answer 3

⬆️ fluid retention by kidney

Question 4

What can also cause fluid retention in blood?

Answer 4

Exercise causing an ⬆️ in plasma proteins, primarily albumin, which ⬆️ osmotic pull

Question 5

When does adaptation occur in skeletal muscle

Answer 5

When muscle is forced to work at intensities exceeding 60-70% of its maximal force-generating capacity.

Question 6

What is hyperplasia

Answer 6

⬆️ in no. of fibres w/in muscle

Question 7

Why are the Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) + citrate synthase enzymes measured

Answer 7

To provide a quantitive analysis of the improvement in oxidative pot. of endurance-trained ind.

(Enzymes of the Krebs cycle)

Question 8

How is fat utilisation impacted by endurance training

Answer 8

⬆️ in capillary density = ⬆️ opportunity for exchange of FFAs from adipose tissue to exercising muscle.

Question 9

What factors relating to endurance performance can be improved related to genetic potential of ind?

Answer 9

Max aerobic cap + fibre type

Question 10

What factors relating to endurance performance are limited more by persons training status

Answer 10

Lactate threshold

Exercise economy

Question 11

How does VO2 max increase as people train endurance

Answer 11

3 months = about a 15-30% ⬆️

2 years = up to 50% ⬆️

Question 12

What % of type 1 fibres do endurance athletes have

Answer 12

70%

Question 13

What is the primary importance of increased capillary density in the skeletal muscle

Answer 13

Prolongs time in which O2 spends w/in the muscle.

= Longer the O2 remains in transit w/in the muscle = the greater the opp. to extract it, even at high rate of muscle bf.

Question 14

Define (OBLA) / Anaerobic / Lactate threshold

Answer 14

Point at which aerobic metabolism is unable to meet the demands of exercise so muscles rely on anaerobic metabolism for energy.

(Typically reported as a % of VO2 max).

Question 15

Blood lactate build up for untrained athletes

Answer 15

Accumulates at exercise intensities exceeding 55% of their max. Aerobic cap.

Question 16

Blood lactate build up for trained athletes

Answer 16

May perform at exercise intensities between 80-90% of their VO2 max.

Question 17

Define exercise economy

Answer 17

Refers to the O2 consumption needed to run at a given velocity

Question 18

On average over a whole game, what % of VO2max does a rugby league player compete at?

Answer 18

80%

Question 19

What happens to SV after aerobic training when:

at rest.

during submax exercise

at max exercise

Answer 19

↑ at rest

↑ during submax exercise

↑ at max exercise

Question 20

What happens to CO after aerobic training when:

at rest.

during submit exercise

at max exercise

Answer 20

↔ at rest,

↔ during submax exercise,

↑ at max exercise