Week 3 Flashcards
What is the structure and shape of the hip joint?
- Synovial (diarthrosis)
- Ball and socket
- Head of the femur sits within the acetubulum in the pelvis
What is the fibrocartilaginous lining called in the hip joint?
- Acetabulum labrum - labrum = membraneous lining
What are the three ligaments on the outside of the hip joint?
- Iliofemoral ligament (both anterior and posterioir view can be seen)
- ishiofemoral ligament (posterioir view only)
- pubofemoral ligament (anterior view only)
What is the angle of inclination?
- The angle between the neck and shaft of the femur.
- It is typically smaller in females due to our larger pelvis’s.
- Can change the shape of the legs (i.e., bow shaped legs).
- It provides a wider range of motion for the hip joint.
Why is the hip so stable?
- Due to the acetabulum being an extremely deep fossa, there is a large point of contact between teh head of teh femur and the acetbulum, thus there is a great amount of bone to bone contact, increasing stability.
- Aditionally, it has very thick intracapsuar ligaments, supporting teh joint capsule - iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, and pubofemoral.
What are the motions of the hip and what planes do they occur on?
- felxion and extension = saggital plane
- rotation = transverse plane
- abduction and adduction = frontal plane
Origin, insertion, action, and innervation of gluteus maximus.
- O: ilium, sacrum, cocyx, lumbar fascia
- I: iliotibial tract & gluteal tuberosity
- A: hip extension
- N: inferioir gluteal nerve
True or false: Gluteal nerves travel with gluteal arteries and viens.
- True
Origin, insertion, action, and innervation of gluteus medius and minimus.
- O: iliac crest
- I: greater trochanter
- A: hip abduction and internal rotation
- N: superioir gluteal nerve
Origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the tensor fascia latae.
- O: iliac crrest, ASIS
- I: ilotibial tract
- A: hip flexion and abduction
- N: superior gluteal
Location, insertion, and action of the lateral rotators.
- Deep to the gluteals
- 6 tendons
- insert to the posterioir aspect pof the femur to you allow you to laterally rotate your hip.
- Action - rotate laterally
OIAN Iliacus
- O: Iliac fossa
- I: lesser trochanter
- A: hip flexion
- N: femoral nerve
OIAN psoas major
- O: T12 - l=L5 bodies
- I: Lesser trochanter
- A: hip flexion
- N: lumbar plexus
OIAN Rectus Femoris + what muscle group of teh thigh is it part of?
- Anterioir - quadriceps
- O: AIIS, upper acetabulum
- I: tibial tuberosity
- A: hip flexion & knee extension
- N: Femoral
OIAN Vasti + what what part of the thigh?
- Quadriceps
- O: vastus intermedius
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis - I: tibial tuberosity
- N: femoral
OIAN Sartorius + what part of thigh?
- Anterioir
- O: ASIL
- I: medial tibia, near tibial tuberosity
- A: knee and hip flexion, hip abduction and lateral rotation
- N: femoral
Medial thigh action and innervation.
- A: hip adduction
- N: obturator nerve
Biceps femoris OIAN + what part of thigh?
- posterior part of hamstrings
- O: ischial tuberosity - long head, linea aspera for the short head.
- I: head of fibula
- A: hip extention, knee flexion
- N: sciatic nerve
semimembranosus and semitendinosus OIAN + what part thigh?
- Posterioir - part of hamstrings
- O: ischial tuberosity
- I: medial condyle, tibia
- N: sciatic nerve
Describe the components of the femoral triangle and what passes through it.
- Muscular boarders are the inguinal ligament, sartorius, and adductor longus.
- Inguinal ligament spans from the ASIS to the pubic tubercle.
- Femoral VAN (vein, artery, and nerve).
Describe the components of the popliteal fossa and what passes through it.
- A diamond shape is made by the hamstring muscles.
- On the medial side is the semimembranosus and semitendonosus mesucles, on the lateral side are biceps feromis, and on the bottom is grastrocnemious.
- The sciatic nerve passes through whilst the popliteal veins and artieres go through.
What is a transition zone and what are the 4 structures that pass through it? (3)
- An area designed for sturtuces (veins arteries and nerves) to pass a joint without being crushed when this joint moves.
- arteries, veins, nerves, and tendons
- example is the femoral triangle
What is the largest artery in the lower limb?
- Femoral artery
What are the 5 muscles in the medial thigh?
- Adductor longus
- Adductor brevis
- Adductor mangus
- Pectineus
- Gracils
