Week 3 Flashcards
What pain related domain does pacing assist with
Pain self efficacy
What is the PHODA and what can it be used for ?
Photograph of people performing daily activities and postures
Can use this for a patient with fearful activities, they grade the pictures on those most likely to elicit a fearful response
What is the fundamental difference between graded exposure and graded activity
The presence and exctincion of a fearful movement/activity
In a basic sense, positive reinforcement is?….
Introducing a pleasant stimulus to a behaviour
In a basic sense, negative reinforcement is?….
Removal of an undesirable stimulus
In a basic sense, negative reinforcement is?….
Removal of an undesired stimulus
In a basic sense, positive punishment is?….
When an undesired stimulus is introduced to discourage behaviour
In a basic sense, negative punishment is?….
A desired stimulus is removed to discourage the behaviour
What are the 4 types of positive reinforcement ?
Natural.
Token
Social
Tangible
What is the WHO analgesic ladder ?
A framework for clinicians prescribing pain relief
What type of pain is the WHO ladder not effective for ?
Neuropathic
Why is codeine difficult for many to take
It is a prodrug mean it relies on metabolism into morphine
The metabolism has variation person to person and through different races
What 3 ingredients are active in tramadol
Opioid receptor activity
NA
Serotonin uptake inhibitor
List 4 “high risk medications”
- Morphine
- Oxycodone
- Oxycodone Naloxone (Targin)
- Tapentadol (palexia)
What is the receptor that many opioids act on?
Mu receptor
What are the two actions of Targin
Opioid agonist and antagonist
What is Palexia?
Tapentadol
What is Palexia thought to be more useful for ?
Neuropathic pain
What are the 5 A’s of monitoring after drug prescribing ?
Analgesia
Activity
Adverse effects
Affect
Abuse
What are the two common anti-neuropathics?
Gabapentin
Pregabalin
What’s a medial branch block and what’s it used for?
A block of the medial nerve branch of the dorsal rami
Nociception from facet joints arises from these nerves
When is an epidural injection indicated? How long is it likely to last
Acute radicular pain with disc herniation, best given within 6 weeks of onset
Can last around 3 months or less
What is radio frequency denervation?
Heated energy through a needle, to essentially burn/kill the nerve of the medial branch
How long will an RFD likely last?
6-12 months, the nerve will likely regenerate
