Week 2.2.3: Recognising the Self Flashcards
These are the thoughts, feelings, and perceptions that the patient is experiencing internally.
Inner Experiences
Hearing voices or sounds that are not actually present.
Auditory Hallucinations
What are patient strategies to reduce auditory hallucinations?
Talking to Somebody
Listening to Something Interesting (music or radio)
A noninvasive method that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain.
The changes in brain activity from TMS can last for hours after the stimulation and can have effects that persist for several weeks.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
A technique that involves directly stimulating the brain’s cortex to alter its activity.
Direct Cortical Stimulation
The outer layer of the brain, involved in many important functions like perception, thought, and voluntary movement.
Cortex
How does TMS work?
Low Frequency (1 Hz): Reduces brain activity in the targeted area.
Fast TMS: Increases brain activity and can also affect connected regions.
A technique that measures and maps brain activity by detecting changes in blood flow.
Functional MRI
A region of the brain involved in processing auditory information and integrating sensory inputs.
Temporoparietal Area
A placebo procedure where the TMS device is applied but does not actually deliver stimulation.
Sham TMS
The increase in neural activity in a specific brain region in response to a task or stimulus.
Brain Activation
The corresponding region on the opposite side of the brain.
Homologous Region
When one part of the brain increases its activity to compensate for reduced activity in another part.
Compensatory Mechanism
Tracts of nerve fibers that connect different parts of the brain, allowing them to communicate.
White Matter Bundles
The largest bundle of white matter fibers that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain
Corpus Callosum
Regions in the front part of the brain involved in decision-making, problem-solving, and controlling behavior.
Frontal Areas
Regions on the sides of the brain involved in processing auditory information and memory.
Temporal Areas
This concept describes how different brain regions are linked and work together.
When two areas show high functional connectivity, their activity levels increase and decrease together, indicating they are communicating and coordinating their functions.
Functional Connectivity
A technique that involves running a very small electrical current through two different parts of the brain to modulate its activity.
Transcortical Direct Cortical Stimulation (tDCS)
A region in the brain involved in language comprehension, located in the left temporal lobe.
Wernicke’s Area
A measure of the severity or frequency of hallucinations experienced by a patient.
Hallucination Scores
A technique that involves providing real-time feedback from brain activity to help individuals learn to control their brain functions.
Neurofeedback
A region in the brain involved in processing auditory information.
Superior Temporal Gyrus
