Week 20 - Natural Selection Flashcards
what helps determine body size in dogs
IGF1 gene
Are Trait differences passed on to offspring
Yes
Are Trait changes caused by the environment passed on to offspring
NO
Trait changes caused by the environment are NOT passed on to offspring
Question on page 8
The ability to express phenotypic plasticity is determined by the genotype. True or false
True
The genotype sets the foundation for an organism’s potential responses to environmental cues.
Different genotypes may exhibit varying degrees of plasticity, allowing them to adapt to a range of environmental conditions.
However, the actual expression of phenotypic plasticity is influenced by both the genotype and the specific environmental signals an organism encounters.
So what is evolution?
A change in allele frequencies in a population over time.
(Population: a group of individuals of the same species that has the potential for interaction (mating))
Microevolution
the change in gene frequencies in populations over time.
Macroevolution
the patterns of branches in the Tree of Life; relationships between two or more species or groups
3 Requirements for Evolution by Natural Selection
Variation: Phenotypes (traits) vary among individuals in a population
Heritability: phenotypic differences are heritable (passed on to offspring)
Survival - Reproduction of the Fittest!:
Variation in phenotypes influences reproductive success: individuals with favorable traits survive, get more resources, and produce more surviving offspring (have higher fitness)
Question on page 18
Question on page 20
True or False: Natural selection is non-random
true
because it is selecting for individuals with certian traits
and against other individuals that don’t have those certain traits
True or False: Natural selection reduces phenotypic diversity
true
True or False: Thanks to natural selection, all species are ideally suited to their environment
false
