Week 2 - Ventillation Of Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

Describe how air is drawn into the lungs?

A

Inspiratory muscles contract, thoracic cavity expands, pleural pressure becomes more negative, thanspulmonary pressure increases, lungs inflate, alveolar pressure becomes subatmospheric, air flows into lungs until alveolar pressure equals atmospheric pressure

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2
Q

Describe the equilibrium of forces in the chest?

A

Lungs pull in and up, thoracic cage pulls out, passive stretch of diaphragm pulls down

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3
Q

Describe the main features of inhalation?

A

At resting expiratory level is an active process, mainly by contraction of diaphragm and external intercostal muscles

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4
Q

Describe the main features of expiration?

A

At resting expiratory level its passive

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5
Q

How does air get into the lungs?

A

Moves from high pressure to low pressure so air pressure inside lungs must be lower than atmospheric pressure

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6
Q

Describe the volumes and pressure during inspiration and expiration?

A

Inspiration - increased volume of thoracic cavity, decrease in intrathoracic cavity, air drawn in
Expiration - decrease in volume of thoracic cavity, increases intrathoracic pressure, air moves out of lungs

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7
Q

What is forced expiration and how is it achieved?

A

Breathing out beyond resting expiratory level, requires force exerted by abdominal muscles and internal intercostal muscles, inspiration to resting respiratory level is passive, springs back to normal

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8
Q

When might forced expiration occur?

A

During exercise, respiratory obstruction, disease states

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9
Q

What might cause difficulty breathing due o decreased ability to move the abdomen?

A

Pregnancy, obesity, corsets

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10
Q

Where is pleural fluid found and what does it do?

A

Thin layer of fluid between visceral and parietal pleura, ensures lungs fill throracic cavity and change volume as thorax does

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11
Q

What will happen if the integrity of the pleural seal is broken?

A

The lungs will collapse

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