Week 1 - Overview And Gas Laws Flashcards

1
Q

Why do we need a respiratory system?

A

To supply body with oxygen for aerobic metabolism

To dispose of CO2 produced by metabolism

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2
Q

What is Boyle’s law?

A

Pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume

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3
Q

What divisions are in the conducting airways?

A

1-16 (no gas exchange)

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4
Q

What divisions are in the respiratory zone of the airways?

A

17-23 (gas exchange takes place)

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5
Q

What is partial pressure?

A

The measure of concentration of a gas

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6
Q

What is the PO2 in alveolar air and capillary blood?

A

13.3 KPa

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7
Q

What is the PO2 in pulmonary capillaries and interstitial fluid?

A

6 KPa

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8
Q

What is Dalton’s las of partial pressures?

A

Each gas in a mixture exerts a partial pressure equal to the pressure it would exert if it was the only gas present

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9
Q

How is partial pressure related to a gases percentage of a mixture?

A

It is directly proportional e.g. In a mixture at 100 KPa, a gas that occupies 20% would contribute a pressure of 20 KPa

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10
Q

What happens when inspired gases come into contact with body fluids?

A

Water molecules evaporate to enter gas phase until gas mixture is saturated

Gas molecules enter water to dissolve in liquid

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11
Q

What is the saturated vapour pressure?

A

The pressure water vapour exerts, 6.28 KPa at body temperature

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12
Q

What is Henry’s law?

A

The amount of gas dissolved is proportional to the pressure of the gas in contact with the liquid

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13
Q

What is the equation for the amount of oxygen dissolved in plasma?

A

Amount dissolved=solubility coefficient of O2 x PO2

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14
Q

How does the partial pressure in alveolar air differ from the partial pressure in atmospheric air?

A

Has added water vapour

02 constantly leaving and CO2 constantly entering therefore a lower percentage of O2 and a higher percentage of CO2

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15
Q

What is the PCO2 of capillary blood?

A

5.3 KPa

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16
Q

What is the PCO2 of interstitial fluid?

A

6 KPa

17
Q

What happens to inspired air at altitude?

A

Has fewer O2 molecules due to a lower atmospheric pressure

18
Q

What is decompression sickness?

A

Due to an increase in atmospheric pressure below sea level, nitrogen moves from high pressure in lungs to blood, if swim up too quickly it doesn’t give the nitrogen enough time to leave the blood and can form painful bubbles