Week 2: tuesday (hemodynamics and capillary function) Flashcards
which of the following could increase cardiac output (in healthy heart)
a.) increase afterload
b.) decrease end-diastolic volume
c.) increase preload
d.) increase parasympathetic activity
e.) decrease stroke volume
c. increase preload
based on your understanding of heart sounds and blood flow through the heart, where on the phonogram would you hear a murmur from mitral valve incompetence
systolic murmur between S1 and S2
based on your understanding of heart sounds and blood flow through the heart, where on the phonogram would you hear a murmur from PDA
continuous murmur
where is pressure greater, arteriole or venous side
arteriole
what is mean circulatory filling pressure
the pressure in the static circulation (~7 mmHg)
what is the fundamental equation for flow
change in pressure/resistance
what is the change in pressure across the systemic circuit
mean arterial pressure
what is the change in pressure in the pulmonary circuit
pulmonary arterial pressure
the pressure gradient in the systemic circuit is much greater than the pressure gradient in the pulmonary circuit, however, flow through both circuits is equal…
what can you conclude about resistence in the circuits?
higher resistance in systemic circuit
what are factors affecting resistance to flow
- radius of vessel
- length of vessel
- viscosity of fluid
Q
flow
P
pressure
R
resistance
n
viscosity
L
length of tube
r
radius of tube
pi
3.14
what is total peripheral resistance (TPR)
combined resistance of all blood vessels within the systemic circuit
what is the subtituation equation for flow
CO = MAP/TPR
large arteries have high elastin leading them to:
- expand as blood enters during systole
- recoil during diastole
what is the consequence of the elasticity of the aorta
increased flow
what is the dicrotic notch
brief increase in pressure in aorta when aortic valve closes
what is pulse pressure
difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure
what are three factors increasing pulse pressure
- increased SV
- decreased HR
- decreased arterial compliance