Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Circulation and Respiration > Week 2: tuesday (hemodynamics and capillary function) > Flashcards

Week 2: tuesday (hemodynamics and capillary function) Flashcards

1
Q

which of the following could increase cardiac output (in healthy heart)
a.) increase afterload
b.) decrease end-diastolic volume
c.) increase preload
d.) increase parasympathetic activity
e.) decrease stroke volume

A

c. increase preload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

based on your understanding of heart sounds and blood flow through the heart, where on the phonogram would you hear a murmur from mitral valve incompetence

A

systolic murmur between S1 and S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

based on your understanding of heart sounds and blood flow through the heart, where on the phonogram would you hear a murmur from PDA

A

continuous murmur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

where is pressure greater, arteriole or venous side

A

arteriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is mean circulatory filling pressure

A

the pressure in the static circulation (~7 mmHg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the fundamental equation for flow

A

change in pressure/resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the change in pressure across the systemic circuit

A

mean arterial pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the change in pressure in the pulmonary circuit

A

pulmonary arterial pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the pressure gradient in the systemic circuit is much greater than the pressure gradient in the pulmonary circuit, however, flow through both circuits is equal…

what can you conclude about resistence in the circuits?

A

higher resistance in systemic circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are factors affecting resistance to flow

A
  1. radius of vessel
  2. length of vessel
  3. viscosity of fluid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Q

A

flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

P

A

pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

R

A

resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

n

A

viscosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

L

A

length of tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

r

A

radius of tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pi

A

3.14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is total peripheral resistance (TPR)

A

combined resistance of all blood vessels within the systemic circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the subtituation equation for flow

A

CO = MAP/TPR

18
Q

large arteries have high elastin leading them to:

A
  1. expand as blood enters during systole
  2. recoil during diastole
19
Q

what is the consequence of the elasticity of the aorta

A

increased flow

20
Q

what is the dicrotic notch

A

brief increase in pressure in aorta when aortic valve closes

21
Q

what is pulse pressure

A

difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure

22
Q

what are three factors increasing pulse pressure

A
  1. increased SV
  2. decreased HR
  3. decreased arterial compliance
22
Q

what is laminar blood flow

A

flow velocity increases from the wall to the central axis of the tube

23
Q

what is reynolds’ number

A

predicts flow patterns in different flow conditions

24
Q

how is blood pressure recorded

A

systolic over diastolic

25
Q

arterioles provide resistance to ___ ___

A

blood flow

26
Q

more than ____% of total peripheral resistance is from arterioles

A

60

27
Q

how is resistance regulated

A

action on smooth muscle

28
Q

what is equation for velocity

capillaries

A

flow/area

29
Q

what are the two purposes of material across capillary walls

A
  1. exhange materials between blood and cells
  2. maintain normal distribution of extracellular fluid through filtration and absorption
30
Q

what is filtration

A

movement out of capillary into interstitial space

31
Q

what is absorption

A

movement into capillary from interstitial space

32
Q

what is hydrostatic pressure gradient

A

force due to blood pressure

33
Q

what is oncotic pressure

A

osmotic force of proteins

33
Q

what happens when fluid is shifted into the capillaries

A
  • decreased intracapillary hydrostatic pressure
  • circulatory shock
34
Q

what happens when fluid is shifted into the interstitium (edema)

A
  • increased intracapillary hydrostatic pressure
  • renal retention of Na and H2O (kidney failure)
  • high venous blood pressure (standing too long; heart failure)
35
Q

what are venules

A
  • smaller than arterioles
  • connect capillaries to veins
  • little smooth muscle in walls
  • some exchange of material between blood and interstitial fluid
36
Q

what do valves in veins allow

A

unidirectional blood flow

37
Q

what do veins function as

A

volume reservoir

38
Q

what are the two mechanisms of venous return

A
  1. skeletal muscle pump
  2. respiratory pump
39
Q

what are two factors that influence venous pressure and venous return

A
  1. blood volume
  2. venomotor tone
40
Q

what are the 3 things that increase in venomotor tone leads to

A
  1. increased central venous pressure
  2. decreased venous compliance
  3. increase venous return
41
Q

what is the lymphatic system

A
  • system of vessels, nodes, and organs
  • returns excess filtrate (lymph) to circulation
  • open system
  • has immune functions

Circulation and Respiration (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions