Week 2 - Theories and models of behaviour

Question 1

Lab 1 - 3 levels of psychological predictors changing PA levels

Answer 1

-capability and opportunity lead to motivation

• motivation leads to behaviour

-Behaviour leads to all three

we can use this to understand, predict, and enforce change with PA behaviours

*see model in lab notes for reference

Question 2

Self efficacy theory (set)

what 4 factors determine self efficacy/how to achieve

Answer 2

self efficacy: situational confidence

Perfomance accomplishments: individual perception based on previous experience

Vicarious experience: watching performance behaviour of another. ex: watching bron

social persuasion: verbal/non verbal tactic to alter ones self efficacy. people telling you your good

physiological and emotional states: previous injuries, anxiety, love for the game

Question 3

Theory of planned behaviour (indirect)

Answer 3

Indirect: (3 beliefs)
1. Behaviour beliefs - what about your behaviour makes you believe you will get certain result
2. Normative belief - norms surrounding PA
3. Control belief: what you can feel/ to what extent you can control your behaviour

Question 4

Theory of planned behaviour (direct)

Answer 4

1. Attitude - what about your/people around you’s attitude makes you believe
2. Subjective norm: past experiences and standards you believe in
3. Perceived behavioural control: extent to which you feely you can control your behaviour

• all lead to intention leads to behaviour but only perceived behavioural control can bypass to behaviour

*refer to model

Question 5

Theory to application to TPB

Answer 5

Specific in way of targeting
-attitude: encourage participation in fun actives

-subjective norm: use power of social support

-perceived behavioural control: educate on overcoming barrier

Consider:
-population
-timeline

Question 6

Transtheoretical model of chance - Stages of change

Answer 6

1. Precomptemplation - unaware of change
2. Contemplation - aware and desire change
3. Preparation- intends to take action
4. Action - practises desired behaviour
5. Maintenance - works to sustain behaviour change

Question 7

factors that influence stages of change

Answer 7

strategies:
- experimental: modify through patterns
-behavioural: social support, reward

Pros/cons:
- decisional balance
-self efficacy

Question 8

Social ecological model of change

Answer 8

different levels of intervene to support change:

Individual: Biological, psychological, skills

Physical activity domains: recreation, transportation, occupation

Social/cultural environment: social norms, social support, media

Built Environment: parks & trails, neighbourhood environment, community design, sidewalks & paths

Policy enviroment: taxes, park and transportation budgets, building requirements

Question 9

Common construct across all theories

Answer 9

self efficacy, situational confidence to take action and improve PA behaviour

Question 10

Describe an intervention using each theory

Question 11

Week 3 Reading summary- motivation and behavioural change

Answer 11

myths:
-motivation is a trait, you have it or you don’t
- a single motivational concept such as: competence is enough to explain behaviour
- exercise behaviour is motivated solely by rational processes such as our attitude and intentions

motivation is why we do what we do
-this chapter was understanding motivational process

motivation= personal, cognitive and environmental facts

non conscious processing