Week 2: Role + History of School Psych Flashcards
Key difference between what APA and NASP classify as a “school psychologist”?
A doctoral degree
Who is responsible for certifying school psychologists?
State Departments of Education
Name of exam required to obtain NCSP?
PRAXIS
What is the APA’s “Model Licensure Act”?
APA statement that only individuals with a doctoral degree should be referred to as “school psychologists”
What are some historical conditions that led to the birth of the field of school psychology in early 20th century?
- Systems of mandatory and public education
- Social conditions after industrialization/reconstruction post-Civil War
- Emergence of educational tools and technologies
Why do school calendars take summers off?
When schools were established, students were given summers off to help their families on the farm
During early 20th century, what were the 2 major issues that have had long-lasting impact on field of school psych to this day?
- Mental ability testing movement (IQ tests)
- State of racial segregation and inequality in schools
What year was the APA founded?
1892
Who was Lightner Whitmer?
UPenn scientist who established 1st child psychological clinic in 1896
Name of the first IQ tests? Name of current IQ tests?
Simon-Binet tests; Wechsler tests currently
Name of the first person with title of “school psychologist”?
Arnold Gesell
When was Division 16 (school psych) of the APA founded?
1945
What was the name of the first school psych conference?
Thayer Conference
What year was NASP founded?
1969
Name of the first journal of school psychology?
Journal of School Psychology
What was Public Law 94-142? When was it passed? What did it do?
Also known as “Education for All Handicapped Children” Act (EHA), it required school to provide all students access to Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) in Least Restrictive Environment (LRE). It was passed in 1975
How did Public Law 94-142 cause a boom in the school psych job market?
Providing “appropriate” education to students with disabilities required identification, forcing schools to hire school pscyh for classification roles to adhere to FAPE
What was Public Law 99-457?
It mandated special ed services for children ages 3-5 and provided financial incentives to states to provide services for children from birth-age 3
What does IDEA stand for?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
When was EHA amended and renamed as IDEA? When was IDEA re-authorized?
Change of name and amendment happened in 1990, reauthorized in 1997, and again in 2004
What did IDEA get renamed as in 2004?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA)
What are the 6 key elements that make up IDEIA?
- Free & Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)
- Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
- Appropriate Evaluation
- Parent & Teacher Participation
- Procedural Safeguard
- Individualized Education Plan (IEP)
If parents do not consent to schools evaluating their kids, schools are free to do it anyway. (T/F)
False
What 3 words summarize the “traditional” model of school psychology?
Refer, Test, Place
How do the following fields differ from one another: Clinical, Counseling, School, Educational Psychology?
- Clinical: mental/emotional disorders
- Counseling: provide counseling services
- School: focus on issues related to school environment (academic, behavioral)
- Educational: focus on learning process (research-oriented)
Rank the following 3 roles in terms of the numbers usually found in schools: counselors, school psychs, social workers.
- Most: counselors
- Second most: psychs
- Least: social workers
Names of 3 popular problem-solving frameworks employed by schools (known mostly by their acronyms).
- Evidence-based Practices (EBP)
- Response-to-Intervention (RTI)
- Multi-Tiered Systems of Support (MTSS)
SLD Identification Requirements under IDEA 2004
- Low achievement in basic academic process
- Adequate instruction before referral
- Consideration of exclusionary causes
- Procedural safeguards
