Week 2 Objective 1 + 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Ovarian cycle:

Follicular Phase

A

days 1-14 of menstrual cycle

development of mature Graafian follicle and secondary oocyte within ovary

Graafian follicle under influence of FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hypothalamus release _____ which stimulates the release of _________ from the _________ ________, where it is also produced

A

FSH-releasing factor from the anterior pituitary, where FSH is produced and stored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which cells of the developing follicle secrete a hormone responsible for the proliferation phase of the endometrium?

A

Granulosa cells of developing follicle

They produce estadiol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When does ovulation occur?

How?

A

day 14 of cycle

rise in FSH and sharp rise in LH (also produced in the anterior pituitary)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

During ovulation the egg is

A

released from the Graafian follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the Graafian follicle is made up of

A

thecal cells, which secretes progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ovarian Cycle: Luteal Phase

A

Residual thecal cells progesterone
Residual granulosa cells secrete estrogen

Residual thecal/granulosa cells proliferate to form glandular corpeus luteum

Progesterone + thecal cells necessary to maintain the implantation of fertilized oocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens if the oocyte is not fertilized?

A

Corpus luteum regresses: progesterone + estrogen decrease

Granulosa cells release inhibin, which inhibits release of gonadotropins (especially FSH), causing corpus luteum to regress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Endometrial cycle

A

begins first day of menstruation and ends 28 days later

divided into three phases

Menstrual (1-4 or 5 days)
Proliferative (4 or 5-14 days)
Secretory (15-28 days)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Menstrual phase

A

Endometrial build up from last cycle is sloughed off (menstrual flow)

Begins with…

  1. vasoconstriction of the spiral arteries that have bee supplying the endometrium, followed by local ischemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Menstruation begins with…

A

Vasoconstriction of the spiral arteries that supplied blood to the endometrium, followed by local ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Menstrual phase: vasoconstriction

A

mediated by prostaglandins

first step in menstruation is the vasoconstriction of the spiral arteries that supplied the endometrium, followed by local ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Menstrual phase: inflammatory cells

A

inflammatory cells invade area and continue endometrial break down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Factors involved in clotting, their role in menstruation

A

they remain inactivated until all the endometrial lining is sloughed off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Proliferative Phase

A

days (4-5) to 14

caused by estradiol produced by Granulosa cells of developing ovarian follicle

blood vessels and glands grow with expanding endometrium

cells that initiate growth come from survival cells of last cycle (too deep to get sloughed off)

at end there’s a sharp rise in estradiol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Secretory Phase

A

15-28 days

estrogen decrease, endometrial growth stops, progesterone increase

mucous glands develop fully, begin secretion

spiral arteries expand and heavily vascularize

controlled by rising progesterone, secreted by both thecal and granulosa cells