Week 2 - Mental Health History

Question 1

Name 2 people involved in the Moral Treatment Era.

Answer 1

William York and Phillip Pinel

Question 2

Where and when did the first mental hospital in the US for the purpose of treating the mentally ill open?

Answer 2

October 1773 in Williamsburg, VA.

Question 3

• Advocated state by state to promote providing mental health care for the seriously mentally ill in each state.
• State commitments to mental health care.
• Bill for the Benefit of the Indigent Insane
• Mental health care the responsibility of the states.

Answer 3

Dorothea Dix

Question 4

A physician at Friends asylum in Philly who signed the Declaration of Independence and is considered the father of American psychiatry, promoted moral treatment. Held racist ideas about Africans.

Answer 4

Benjamin Rush

Question 5

Psychiatrist in the early 1900s at Sheppard Asylum in Towson, MD. Also was a craftsman and believed in the therapeutic value of crafts, he supervised the occupational classes.

Answer 5

William Rush Dunton

Question 6

Leading psychiatrist of the 20th century at Johns Hopkins Hospital. Active supporter of OT. Wrote “The Philosophy of OT” in 1922

Answer 6

Adolf Meyer

Question 7

Director in the NYS Department of Mental Hygiene, emphasized habit training

Answer 7

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

Question 8

What did Eleanor Clarke Slagle emphasize?

Answer 8

Habit training

Question 9

Emphasized work therapy, which included many crafts.

Answer 9

Herbert James Hall

Question 10

• Integration of the ego
• therapeutic use of self
• occupations provided a laboratory for living to learn in a give and take with others a new way to interact effectively

Answer 10

Gail Fidler

Question 11

Developer of application of theory to practice

Answer 11

Ann Cronin Mosey

Question 12

Why does the WW2 draft relate to mental health?

Answer 12

-Gov’t was concerned and become alarmed about the number of adult males with mental illness. They started to make laws related to mental illness.

Question 13

Describe the progression of mental health treatments to the discovery of anti-psychotics in the 1950s.

Answer 13

-Insulin shot therapy to Electro conversion therapy (ECT) to phenothysines to anti-psychotics

Question 14

Describe the Community Mental Health Act.

Answer 14

• involved with deinstitutionalization.
• Gov’t provided funding to set up community mental health programs - care was provided by nonprofits and state facilities.
• created by JFK admin.

Question 15

Provided money for the basic needs of people living in the community with mental illness

Answer 15

SSI & SSD

Question 16

What did deinstitutionalization lead to?

Answer 16

short-term hospitalization - found that this was just as effective as long-term, saves money, gets people into the community

Question 17

During which movement was NAMI (National Alliance on Mental Illness) created?

Answer 17

Consumer Movement (1960s and 70s)

Question 18

Name 3 obstacles preventing Americans with mental illnesses from getting the excellent care they deserve. (Identified by Bush admin.)

Answer 18

1. stigma that surrounds mental illnesses
2. unfair treatment limitations and financial requirements placed on mental health benefits in private health insurance
3. The fragmented mental health service delivery system.

Question 19

Successfully transforming the mental health service delivery system rests on what 2 principles?

Answer 19

1. Services and treatments must be consumer and family centered
2. Care must focus on increasing consumers’ ability to successfully cope with life’s challenges, on facilitating recovery and on building resilience, not just on managing symptoms.

Question 20

Supposed to require insurance companies to reimburse mental health conditions the same way as physical health conditions, but in reality, it’s not doing that.

Answer 20

Mental Health Parity Act

Question 21

Describe the Affordable Care Act.

Answer 21

Tried to integrate physical health care with mental health care.

Question 22

Name 3 mental health settings with consultant methods.

Answer 22

Residential programs, transitional and supported employment, outpatient clinics

Question 23

Personalized Recovery Oriented Services (PROS)

Answer 23

treatment for longer periods of time during residual phase of illness, can help pt. return to work, etc.

Question 24

Name the 3 overall components of the Occupational Performance History Interview (OPHI-II).

Answer 24

semi-structured interview, rating scale, life history narrative

Question 25

Name the 5 aspects of the semi-structured interview of the Occupational Performance History Interview (OPHI-II).

Answer 25

1. activity/occupational choices
2. critical life events
3. daily routine
4. occupational roles
5. occupational behavior settings.

Question 26

Name the 3 rating scales of the Occupational Performance History Interview (OPHI-II) that convert the info gathered in the interview into 3 measures.

Answer 26

1. occupational identity scale
2. occupational competence scale
3. occupational behavior settings scale

Question 27

occupational identity scale

Answer 27

measures the degree to which an individual has internalized a positive occupational identity.

Question 28

occupational competence scale

Answer 28

measures the degree to which an individual can sustain productive and satisfying occupational behavior.

Question 29

occupational behavior settings scale

Answer 29

measures the impact of the environment on the client’s occupational life.

Question 30

Describe the ideal structure of client interviews.

Answer 30

Start less structured and provided more structure as indicated.

Question 31

require the client to change the info or ideas into a different but parallel form.

Answer 31

translation questions

Question 32

require clients to recall info.

Answer 32

memory questions.

Question 33

help clients to discover relationships among facts

Answer 33

interpretation questions

Question 34

ask clients to apply info or skills to a specific problem

Answer 34

application questions

Question 35

ask the client to solve problems by breaking it into parts. focus on developing the conscious awareness of thought processes used for reaching logical conclusions.

Answer 35

analysis questions

Question 36

encourage the client to solve problems through the use of creative thinking.

Answer 36

synthesis questions

Question 37

ask a client to make a value judgment.

Answer 37

evaluative questions

Question 38

Which clients do the OPHI-II tend to be more appropriate for?

Answer 38

high-level functioning clients (Ex: bipolar disorder, depression, etc.