Week 2 Memory and Amnesia Flashcards
3 steps in memory process + what happens
encoding - process info into memory system
storage - retention of encoded over time
retrieval - getting info out of mem storage
neurogenesis + where it ocurs
regeneration of cells
in hippocampus
adaptive reasons for forgetting
not useful to maintain detailed veridical info in memory
loss of access through disuse - facilitates updating
google effect
cog consequences of having info at fingertips
benefits of self testing
slow down forgetting
more efficient than rereading/watching
repeated at various times leads to better learning
what is the testing effect
memory increased when learning is spent retrieving
bartlett 1932 aim in his war of the ghosts study
investigate how memory of a story is affected by previous knowledge
see if cultural background + unfamiliarity with texts leads to distortion
what was bartlett 1932 hypothesis
memory = reconstructive + people store/retrieve info according to expectations formed by cultural schemas
why does brain reconstruct events + consequences
plan future = need system of representations not just recordings of events
makes memory fallacious + prone to error
two traditions of research (approaches) in human neuropsych
classical - addresses q’s of functional specialization, converging evidence + group study
cognitive - addresses q’s of building blocks of cognition irrespective of where + single case
4 separate steps of neuropsych assessment
interview - explore symptoms
screening - test battery to identify problem areas
examination - reach clinical labelling
experimental tests - make diagnosis
2 main qs in neuropsych - clin and cog
clin - what happened to X to cause the symptoms they have
cog - what does the pattern of impaired/intact capabilities in X teach us about the way the brain works
2 ways of addressing neuropsych questions
cog neuro - x shows deficits because of damage to area in brain
cog psych - x shows deficits because of damage to psych processes which mediate the impaired function
double dissociations
2 relevant mem systems with diff cog systems mapped onto diff neuronal networks
human face processing
top-down
sensory input with suggestion of face = interpretation of face
