Week 2 Material Flashcards
What does information processing involve?
Acquisition, recoding, organization, retrieval, display, and dissemination of information.
What are the steps for information processing?
Define the task, evaluate starting conditions, select a plan, generate movement instructions, monitor outcome, and storage of motor memory.
What is the difference between feedforward and feedback information processing?
Feedforward means you are completing the task then evaluating the output. When you are using that information and acting in the moment or planning that out, that is feedforward. Feedback means you are taking information in and responding to cues. Information has time to come in to be processed and evaluated to adjust the output.
Serial vs Parallel IP processing
Serial processing is sequential, one process completed before next starts. Parallel processing is simultaneous, some or all processes occur at same time.
What are the three stages of information processing?
Stimulus identification stage, response selection stage, and response programming stage.
Reaction time vs Movement time
Reaction time is stimulus to response; movement is initiation of response to conclusion of response.
What is simple reaction time?
Go No Go?
Choice reaction time?
How do you find stimulus identification? How do you find response selection?
Simple reaction time involves 1 stimulus and 1 response; go no go involves 2 stimuli and 1 response; choice reaction time involves 2 stimuli and 2 responses. To find the stimulus identification, you subtract the go no go time from the simple reaction time. To find the response selection, you subtract the choice reaction time from the go no go.
What four things about a stimulus can affect the reaction time? Define each.
Clarity: how quickly you will detect and respond to the stimuli.
Intensity: something that is very loud, sharp, or bright will invoke a quicker reaction time.
Modality: the type of stimulus; we will respond quicker to auditory and proprioceptive stimuli compared to visual stimuli.
Complexity: the more complex the stimulus is, that can alter your reaction time.
For pattern recognition, are we more apt to identify an object or person when it is static or dynamic?
Dynamic
Processing time is affected by what 4 variables?
- The number of stimulus response choices (Hick’s Law).
- Stimulus response compatibility
- Practice
- Predictability
What did Henry-Rogers experiment find?
Increasing the complexity of response to program will increase the reaction time.
What factors affect response programming (3)?
- Movement (# of moving parts)
- Movement accuracy
- Movement duration
What are the types of anticipation (3) ? Briefly define.
- Receptor: sensing upcoming event, cues from your environment.
- Effector: estimating how long your movement will take, using your own knowledge of your body.
- Perceptual: predict from experience (military drill), this is not something you can see; you link it towards choreographed things such as a dance routine.
What is spatial anticipation?
If you have advanced information such as the type of stimulus present and what subsequent response would be required, you will have a reduced response time.
What is temporal anticipation? What are foreperiods and how will this change the response time?
Anticipation of when a stimulus will arrive can lead to a large decrease in response time. Foreperiods is the time period prior to stimulus onset. Constant and short foreperiods yields shortest response time; inconsistent and longer foreperiods yields longer response time.
