Week 2 Masterclass Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 joints of the midfoot

A

tibiofibular, talocrural, subtalar

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2
Q

What movements can the talocrural joint perform

A

DF and PF

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3
Q

What is the nerve supply for toe ext

A

Deep peroneal nerve

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4
Q

How much dorsiflexion ROM do you typically need to descend stairs?

A

20 degrees

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5
Q

How can muscle tightness or contractures be identified during an assessment of range of motion in the calf?

A

If gastroc is tight, the ankle ROM is limited with the knee extended.

If soleus is tight, ankle ROM is limited with knee flexed

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6
Q

What movement injures ATFL

A

flexed, inverted and adducted position

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7
Q

What movement injures deltoid ligament

A

flexed, everted and abducted

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8
Q

What bony landmark does the flexor hallicus run underneath

A

Sustentaculum Tali

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9
Q

Describe what happens to the talus during DF

A

Talus slides posteriorly on the tibia causing the anterior surface to become compressed

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10
Q

Describe what happens to the talus during PF

A

Talus glides anteriorly on the tibia, causing the anterior surface to become stretched

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11
Q

What movements make up pronation

A

Dorsiflexion, Eversion and abduction

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12
Q

What movements make up supination

A

Plantarflexion, Inversion and adduction

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13
Q

What are the joints of the foot

A

Subtalar (rearfoot)
Transverse Intertarsal (mid foot)
Tarsometatarsal
Metatarsophalangeal (MTP)
Interphalangeal

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14
Q

What are causes of pain in the achilles which is often missed

A

Achilles rupture
Referred pain from peripheral nerves or lumbar spine
Sever’s disease
Soondyloarthropathy

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15
Q

What is the Ottawa ankle rule

A

X-ray if:
There is pain/tenderness over malleoli 6cm proximally
There is pain/tenderness over navicular
Tenderness over base of 5th metatarsal
Inability to weightbear for at least 4 steps after the time of injury and at time of evaluation

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16
Q

How to rule out ligament rupture of the ankle

A

No haematoma
No pain on palpation
Negative anterior drawer test approximately 5 days after the trauma

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17
Q

What is the Ottawa ankle rule used for

A

To rule out fracture, subtler dislocation or lisfranic injury (high sensitivity. Rule out. SnOUT)

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18
Q

What is your diagnosis if the pt hears a popping sound in their ankle?

A

Does not mean fracture, acute ankle sprain is still a possibility

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19
Q

What movement would cause pain in a lateral ankle sprain

A

Supination

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20
Q

Special tests for ATFL

A

Anterior Draw Test

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21
Q

Special tests for Calcaneofibular ligament injury

A

Talar tilt test

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22
Q

When is pain most common in plantar fasciopathy pt

A

Start and end of day

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23
Q

Do heel spurs contribute to plantar fasciopathy

A

No. Heel spurs are normal

24
Q

What can be observed in plantar fasciopathy pt

A

Flat feet or high arches. Overpronation during gait

25
Q

Where would a plantar fasciopathy pt be tender

A

Calcanea tubercle

26
Q

Special test of plantar fasciopathy

A

windlass test

27
Q

What joint action may provoke symptoms of plantar fasciopathy pt

A

Toe ext, heel raise, single leg standing (sometimes)

28
Q

Achilles rupture special test

A

Thompson test

29
Q

Where would an Achilles tendinopathy pt feel pain

A

2-6cm above the calcaneal insertion

30
Q

How is pain described to be in plantar fasciopathy

A

poking hot pain in foot

31
Q

How is pain described to be in plantar fasciopathy

A

Stiff in the morning but ‘warms up’. Pt can also pinpoint exactly where the pain is

32
Q

What is a PROM for achilles tendinopathy

33
Q

Achilles Tendinopathy Special tests

A

Royal London Hospital Test, Arc Sign Test

34
Q

Description of pain for Tarsal tunnel syndrome

A

Burning, tingling, or a sensation of ‘pins and needles’ in the foot and toes. Pain can also radiate up leg

35
Q

Tarsal Tunnel Special Test

A

Tinel’s sign

36
Q

What does SCEBS stand for

A

Somatic
Cognitive
Emotional
Behavioural
Social

37
Q

What are somatic q’s (SCEBS)

A

When did it begin?
How often do symptoms occur?
What is the pain like?
T1, T2, T3

38
Q

What are cognitive q’s (SCEBS)

A

What do you expect from the treatment?
Is there anything you do to improve the symptoms?
Do you think you have any influence on the pain?

39
Q

What are Emotional q’s (SCEBS)

A

How do you feel when you have symptoms?
Do you think about _______ all the time?

40
Q

What are Behavioural q’s (SCEBS)

A

What do you do when you have symptoms?
What activities are hindered by your complaint?
Do you think that exercise is harmful for someone with your condition?

41
Q

What are social q’s (SCEBS)

A

What does your partner think about your complaint?
Does the complaint affect your social life?

42
Q

What are the 9 physical examinations that you have to go through when assessing a pt

A
  1. Observation
  2. Palpation
  3. Passive ROM
  4. Active ROM
  5. Passive Accessory Movements
  6. MMT
  7. Neurological Screening
  8. Special Tests
  9. Functional Tests
43
Q

What does it mean if PROM is greater than AROM

A

Muscular weakness

44
Q

What does it mean if PROM and AROM is limited

A

Structural deformity

45
Q

What are you looking for when assessing passive ROM

A

What ROM is available
Is there any resistance through ROM
Can you apply over pressure
What is the end feel (e.g soft, spasm, bony etc.)

46
Q

Ankle P+AROM Dorsiflexion ROM

A

0-20 degrees

47
Q

Ankle P+AROM PF

A

45 degrees

48
Q

Ankle P+AROM Inv

A

0-30 degrees

49
Q

Ankle P+AROM Ev

A

0-15 degrees

50
Q

Can PAM’s be performed by the pt?

51
Q

Nerve supply of PF muscles

A

Tibial nerve

52
Q

Nerve supply of DF muscles

A

Deep peroneal nerve

53
Q

Nerve supply of Inv muscles of the ankle

54
Q

Nerve supply of Ev muscles of the ankle

A

Fibularis longus + brevis - Superficial fibularis

Fibula’s terminus, Extensor digitorum longus - Deep Fibularis