MSK Prac Exam - Conditions Flashcards
ROM impairments of lateral ankle sprain
DF and Inv
Differential diagnosis of plantar fasciopathy
Tarsal Tunnel
Calcanea stress fracture
Neuropathies
Observation of plantar fasciopathy
Flat feet or high arches
Overpronation in gait
Expected ROM in plantar fasciopathy
normal
Differential diagnosis of achilles tendinopathy
Achilles rupture, Calf strain, Plantar Fasciopathy, Tarsal tunnel, Ankle OA, Deep vein thrombosis
Location of pain of non insertional achilles tendinopathy
2-6 above insertion
MMT impairments of achilles tendinopathy
PF due to pain
ROM impairments of achilles tendinopathy
Pain in AROM but not in PROM
What to assess in Tarsal Tunnel syndrome (thats not special test) for the exam
PF MMT due to tibial nerve innervation
Differentiate between PFPS, Chondromalacia Patellae, Patella Tendinopathy and Fat Pad Pain. Pain location
PFPS - Around the kneecap
Chondromalacia Patellae - Underneath the kneecap
Patella Tendinopathy - Inferior pole of patella
Fat Pad Pain - Either side of patella tendon
Differentiate between PFPS, Chondromalacia Patellae, Patella Tendinopathy and Fat Pad Pain. AF
PFPS - Going down Stairs, Squatting, Sitting, Knee Flexion, Sitting
Chondromalacia Patellae - Stairs, Squatting, Sitting, Knee Flexion
Patella Tendinopathy - Jumping, COD, Deceleration, Squatting, Stiffness after inactivity or in the morning
Fat Pad Pain - Extension and walking
Cause of a meniscus injury
Twisting or direct impact to the knee
What to assess in meniscus injury (thats not special test) for the exam
Knee ext ROM
What to assess in hip OA (physical examination)
FABER test to rule out
Hip IR ROM less than 24° or IR and hip flex 15° less than the nonpainful side, and/or increased hip pain associated with PROM IR.
Classify Hip OA
Over 50
Lateral hip pain (make a ‘C’ shape around the Femoroacetabular joint)
Morning stiffness
Hip IR ROM less than 24° or IR and hip flex 15° less than the nonpainful side, and/or increased hip pain associated with PROM IR.
Radiographic evidence: joint space narrowing, marginal osteophytes, subchondral sclerosis, and bone cysts.
What can be subjectively observed in hip OA
Muscle atrophy
Trendelenburg sign
Flexing knee to avoid loading the hip
Avoiding hip int. rot and hip flex
Pain location of FAI
deep groin or anterior hip pain
FAI AF
Prolonged sitting
Squatting
Going UP stairs
Should FAI get scans to confirm diagnosis?
Yes to rule out OA
How does a labral tear occur
Caused by FAI. Shear force is placed on acetabulum/labrum
Two types of labral tear
Type 1: detachment from the hyaline cartilage
Type 2: Cleavage tears within the labrum
What are the structures involved in the TFCC
Dorsal and Palamar radioulnar ligaments
Ulnolunate ligament
Ulnotriquetral ligament
What causes pain in TFCC
Ulnar deviation
Gripping
Supination
Pronation
Weight Bearing
Common causes of TFCC injuries
Hitting the turf in golf
Tennis players (overuse)
Goalkeepers saving a hard shot
Waiters
What anatomical causes could increase injury of TFCC
Positive ulnar variance (ulnar sits closer to the carpals)
Possible injuries if someone falls on an outstretched hand and has pain in hand/wrist
Scapholunate ligament injury
Scaphoid fracture
Differentiate between a scaphoid fracture and scapholunate ligament injury
Ligament = Clunk of bones in watsons test
Fracture = Pain on compression during Watsons test
What tendons are inflamed in de quervains tenosynovitis
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
In skiers thumb, what structure is injured
UCL
What joint is the UCL of the thumb located
Metacarpal phalangeal joint
What causes the injury of ‘mallet finger’
Forced flexion to distal interphalangeal joint
What structure is disrupted in mallet finger
Extensor tendon
What structure is damaged in jersey finger
Flexor digitorum profundus
What causes jersey finger
Hyperextension of distal phalanx
What ROM impairments are present in Jersey finger
Unable to flex distal phalanx
What ROM impairments are present in mallet finger
Unable to extend distal phalanx
Which fat pad is impinged in fat pat syndrome
infra patella
