Week 2- Macroscopic Flashcards
What makes up the metencephalon
Pons and cerebellum
What makes up the diencephalon
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
What makes up the myelencephalom
Medulla oblongata
What occurs at the left side of the cerebral hemispheres
Speech
Comprehension
Writing
What occurs at the right side of the cerebral hemispheres
Creativity
Special awareness
Artistic
Musical skills
thalamus function
Relay centre for sensory and motor signals
Consciousness and alertness
Why are the pituitary and the hypothalamus unique in the nervous system
They form a link between neural and endocrine control
What is hypothalamus the ventral regulator of
Homeostasis
Exerts influence over 4 systems (HEAL)
List HEAL (4 systems which hypothalamus control)
HEAL).• Homeostatic – hunger, thirst, sexual desire, sleep-wake cycles etc.•
Endocine – via the Pituitary.•
Autonomic control
Lim if mechanisms -(HOME. homeostasis, olfaction, memory, emotion)
Name posterior pituitary gland hormones
Oxytocin (behaviour and reproductive function)•
Vasopressin (osmotic balance, blood pressure, kidney function
Name anterior pituitary hormones
.• Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (Regulates cortisol and androgen)•
Growth Hormone (GH).•
Prolactin (lactation)• Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH).•
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) (Reproduction)• Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) (sexual development)
What does the epithalamus consist of
Pineal gland( endocrine)
Habenula (connects lambic system to midbrain)
Location of cerebellum
Attatched to brain stem via superior, inferior and middle peduncles
Blood supply of cerebellum
SCA AICA PICA
(3 branches of vertabral and basilar arteries)
Hypothalamus function
Sleep/ wake cycle
Homeostatic and hormonal regulation (autonomic role)
Function of cerebellum
Maintainenve of balance and posture
Coordination of voluntary movements
Motor learning
Cognitive functions ( language)
What is the basal nuclei
A collection of grey matter nuclei deep within the cerebral white matter
Name the main components of basal nuclei
Caudate nucleus
Putamen
Globes
Pallidus
Subtyalamic nucleus
Substanita nigra
Function of basal nuclei
Regulate the muscle tone and thus helps in smoothening the voluntary motor activities
Functions like emotional control, cognition and eye movement
Limbic system function
Involved in behavioural and emotional responses, especially for survival. Feeding, reproduction, caring for young, fight/flight
Limbic function
HOME
homeostasis
Olfaction
Memory
Emotion
What is olfaction
Sensation of smell
Name structures in prosencephalon
Telenchephalon (cerebral hemispheres)•
- Diencephelon (Thalamus / Hypothalamus / Pituitary / Epithalamus / Basal Ganglia
Name the structures in mesenchefalon
Mid brain
What makes up the rhombencephalon
Metenchefalon (cerebellum/ pons)
Myelenchefalon (medulla oblongata)
Prosencephalon location
Forebrain
Rhombencephalon loction
Lower black part of the brain
Brainstem and cerebellum
Name the junctions in the brain stem
Cervicomedullary
Pontomedullary
Pontomesencephalic
What makes up the thalamus
Grey matter
Multiple nuclei
What is the superchiasmatic nucleus
Master clock for circadian rhythms
What is the main function of the meninges
Protection
From most superficial to deepest, what are the three meninges layers called
Dura matter, arachnoid matter, PIA matter
Name the space that contain CSF
Subarachnoid space
