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Neuroanatomy- Term 2 > Week 2- Macroscopic > Flashcards

Week 2- Macroscopic Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the metencephalon

A

Pons and cerebellum

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2
Q

What makes up the diencephalon

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus

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3
Q

What makes up the myelencephalom

A

Medulla oblongata

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4
Q

What occurs at the left side of the cerebral hemispheres

A

Speech
Comprehension
Writing

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5
Q

What occurs at the right side of the cerebral hemispheres

A

Creativity
Special awareness
Artistic
Musical skills

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6
Q

thalamus function

A

Relay centre for sensory and motor signals
Consciousness and alertness

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7
Q

Why are the pituitary and the hypothalamus unique in the nervous system

A

They form a link between neural and endocrine control

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8
Q

What is hypothalamus the ventral regulator of

A

Homeostasis
Exerts influence over 4 systems (HEAL)

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9
Q

List HEAL (4 systems which hypothalamus control)

A

HEAL).• Homeostatic – hunger, thirst, sexual desire, sleep-wake cycles etc.•
Endocine – via the Pituitary.•
Autonomic control
Lim if mechanisms -(HOME. homeostasis, olfaction, memory, emotion)

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10
Q

Name posterior pituitary gland hormones

A

Oxytocin (behaviour and reproductive function)•
Vasopressin (osmotic balance, blood pressure, kidney function

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11
Q

Name anterior pituitary hormones

A

.• Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (Regulates cortisol and androgen)•
Growth Hormone (GH).•
Prolactin (lactation)• Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH).•
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) (Reproduction)• Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) (sexual development)

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12
Q

What does the epithalamus consist of

A

Pineal gland( endocrine)
Habenula (connects lambic system to midbrain)

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13
Q

Location of cerebellum

A

Attatched to brain stem via superior, inferior and middle peduncles

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14
Q

Blood supply of cerebellum

A

SCA AICA PICA
(3 branches of vertabral and basilar arteries)

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15
Q

Hypothalamus function

A

Sleep/ wake cycle
Homeostatic and hormonal regulation (autonomic role)

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16
Q

Function of cerebellum

A

Maintainenve of balance and posture
Coordination of voluntary movements
Motor learning
Cognitive functions ( language)

17
Q

What is the basal nuclei

A

A collection of grey matter nuclei deep within the cerebral white matter

18
Q

Name the main components of basal nuclei

A

Caudate nucleus
Putamen
Globes
Pallidus
Subtyalamic nucleus
Substanita nigra

19
Q

Function of basal nuclei

A

Regulate the muscle tone and thus helps in smoothening the voluntary motor activities

Functions like emotional control, cognition and eye movement

20
Q

Limbic system function

A

Involved in behavioural and emotional responses, especially for survival. Feeding, reproduction, caring for young, fight/flight

21
Q

Limbic function

A

HOME
homeostasis
Olfaction
Memory
Emotion

22
Q

What is olfaction

A

Sensation of smell

23
Q

Name structures in prosencephalon

A

Telenchephalon (cerebral hemispheres)•

  • Diencephelon (Thalamus / Hypothalamus / Pituitary / Epithalamus / Basal Ganglia
24
Q

Name the structures in mesenchefalon

A

Mid brain

25
Q

What makes up the rhombencephalon

A

Metenchefalon (cerebellum/ pons)

Myelenchefalon (medulla oblongata)

26
Q

Prosencephalon location

A

Forebrain

27
Q

Rhombencephalon loction

A

Lower black part of the brain
Brainstem and cerebellum

28
Q

Name the junctions in the brain stem

A

Cervicomedullary
Pontomedullary
Pontomesencephalic

29
Q

What makes up the thalamus

A

Grey matter
Multiple nuclei

30
Q

What is the superchiasmatic nucleus

A

Master clock for circadian rhythms

31
Q

What is the main function of the meninges

A

Protection

32
Q

From most superficial to deepest, what are the three meninges layers called

A

Dura matter, arachnoid matter, PIA matter

33
Q

Name the space that contain CSF

A

Subarachnoid space

Neuroanatomy- Term 2 (11 decks)

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