week 2 Lesson 2: Psychoanalysis Flashcards
Who founded psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud.
What does psychoanalysis focus on?
The unconscious mind and how it influences thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.
What method did Freud use to explore the unconscious mind?
Free association, dream analysis, and hypnosis.
What is the main cause of psychological conflicts, according to Freud?
The conflict between biological drives (Id) and societal expectations (Superego).
What are the three components of Freud’s personality theory?
ID → Primitive, seeks immediate gratification (Pleasure Principle).
EGO → Rational decision-maker (Reality Principle).
SUPEREGO → Moral conscience, enforces rules and societal values.
How does the ego balance the id and superego?
The ego delays gratification of the id while following social norms set by the superego.
What happens when the id, ego, and superego are in conflict?
Anxiety develops, leading to the use of defense mechanisms.
What are the three levels of consciousness in Freud’s theory?
Conscious → Immediate awareness.
Preconscious → Easily retrievable memories.
Unconscious → Hidden desires and thoughts influencing behavior.
Which level of consciousness has the most influence on behavior?
The unconscious mind (contains hidden desires, memories, and fears). The unconscious mind is
What are defense mechanisms?
sychological strategies used by the ego to reduce anxiety and internal conflicts.
what is Repression
Pushing painful thoughts into the unconscious Forgetting childhood trauma
what is Denial
Refusing to accept reality A smoker ignores health warnings
what is projection
Attributing personal faults to others Accusing someone else of lying when you lie
what is displacement
Redirecting emotions onto a safer target Yelling at a friend after a bad day
what is sublimation
Channeling negative impulses into positive actions Taking up boxing instead of fighting
What is the healthiest defense mechanism?
Sublimation (channeling negative urges into positive outlets, e.g., sports, art
What are Freud’s five psychosexual stages?
Oral Stage (0-1 year) → Pleasure from sucking and biting.
Anal Stage (1-3 years) → Focus on toilet training.
Phallic Stage (3-6 years) → Awareness of gender differences (Oedipus Complex).
Latency Stage (6-12 years) → Sexual urges become dormant.
Genital Stage (12+ years) → Sexual interests develop.
What is the Oedipus Complex?
A child’s unconscious attraction to the opposite-sex parent and rivalry with the same-sex parent.
Why was Freud’s theory criticized?
Too focused on sexuality.
Lack of scientific evidence.
Based on case studies, not experiments.
What psychological movement emerged in response to psychoanalysis and behaviourism?
Humanistic Psychology, led by Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers.
