Week 1 - Lesson 1: What is Psychology? Flashcards
What is the definition of psychology?
Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
What does the Greek word ‘psyche’ mean?
‘Psyche’ means soul or mind.
Is psychology a science?
Yes, psychology is a science because it relies on research, observation, and experimentation.
Name the four core components of psychology.
Behavioral, Cognitive, Social, and Scientific aspects.
Who were the major contributors from Greece to psychology?
Plato and Aristotle.
What did Freud contribute to psychology?
Freud introduced psychoanalysis, focusing on the unconscious mind and personality structure (id, ego, superego).
What is behaviorism?
A psychological approach that focuses on observable behavior rather than mental processes.
Who pioneered behaviorism?
John B. Watson.
What is operant conditioning?
A learning process introduced by B.F. Skinner, where behavior is shaped by rewards and punishments.
What is humanistic psychology?
A perspective emphasizing free will and personal growth, promoted by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
What are two major psychological trends from the 1950s-1960s?
Cognitive psychology and evolutionary psychology.
How does culture influence psychology?
Different cultures shape beliefs, emotions, and behaviors, influencing psychological theories and practices.
Why should one study psychology?
To understand oneself and others, develop critical thinking, and apply psychology to real-life situations.
What are some roles of psychologists?
They conduct research, help with mental health, and improve workplace and educational environments.
