week 2 (health & health care systems) Flashcards
objective state of ill health
disease
subjective experience of loss of health
illness
which act categorized major determinants of health in a socioenvironmental approach
labonte (1993)
2 major determinants of health in a socioenvironmental approach
psychosocial risk factors
socioenvironmental risk conditions
psychological experiences resulting form social circumstances (isolation, lack of social support, low self-esteem, etc)
psychosocial risk factors
social and environmental risk conditions
socioenvironmental risk conditions
what are factors that influence a person’s health
determinants of health
12 determinants of health
- income and social status
- education
- social support networks
- employment and working conditions
- physical environments
- individual health practices and coping skills
- healthy child development
- health services
- culture
- social environments
- age
- gender
those in poverty are more likely to die because of lack of health resources, stress
income and social status
lack of _____ may negatively affect health, can cause stress due to difficulty finding a job
education
no presence of what network causes loneliness and stress
social support networks
what at a job causes stress or sadness
poor working conditions
not enjoying job
housing, food security, community planning, natural environment, geography, environment quality and climate change are considered
physical environments
handling stress, exercise and diet are considered
individual health practices and coping skills
check ups and healthy social interactions for children
health child development
access to healthcare
health services
what influences people’s interaction with the health care system, lifestyle choices, understanding of health and illness, language differences (racism can influence health)
culture
LGBTQ and indigenous communities are examples of
social environments
what act was established in 1984
canada health act
canada health act’s purpose
to protect, promote, and restore the physical and mental well-being of Canadian residents
to facilitate access to health services without financial or other barriers
5 principles of the canada health act
- public administration
- comprehensiveness
- universality
- portability
- accessibility
public authority ministers
operates plan on non-profit basis
public administration
covers all necessary medical services
comprehensiveness
health care services for all insured residents
no discrimination
universality
having access to health care in another province
portability
reasonable access to health services, based on needs
accessibility
- prepaid (by general taxation) access to medically necessary hospital and physician services for all Canadian citizens and permanent residents
- “social safety net”
- OHIP
medicare
2 healthcare governances
federal jurisdiction
provincial jurisdiction
territorial jurisdiction
2 healthcare settings
institutional sector
community sector
other systems that influence health care
ministry of education
social/community services
environment
5 levels of care
1) health promotion
2) disease and injury prevention
3) diagnosis and treatment
4) rehabilitation
5) supportive care
focuses on enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health
health promotion
early detection, reduction of risk, immunization, support groups, climate control activism
disease and injury prevention
example of reduction of risk
woman getting mammogram because she knows breast cancer is hereditary for her or she has been diagnosed
recognizing and treating health problems
diagnosis and treatments
3 sublevels of diagnosis and treatment
primary
secondary
tertiary
- first contact with patients in health care system
- leads to decision regarding course of action to resolve problem
primary care
what is the primary care’s focus
early detection
routine care
education to prevent reoccurrences
issues to primary care
lack of access
higher incidence of chronic disease
needed for better health promotion
stress on hospital system
- care that usually occurs in hospital/home setting
- involves specialized medical service by physician specialist
- considers definitive or extended diagnosis
secondary care
care with highly specialized equipment (plastic surgery)
tertiary care
- assists patients in returning to their previous level of function or reaching optimal level of function
- regime for recovery by physician specialist
rehabilitation
palliative care
hospice
respite care
supportive care
short-term relief or time-off for family caregivers by HCPs and/or trained volunteers
respite care
