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Self Care > Week 2 - Headache > Flashcards

Week 2 - Headache Flashcards

1
Q

What is a primary headache?

A
  1. Not associated with underlying illness
  2. Migraine, tension, cluster headache
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2
Q

What is a secondary headache?

A

Symptomatic from an underlying condition like trauma, stroke, bacterial or viral infection

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3
Q

What is an acute headache?

A

Less than 15 days per month

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4
Q

What is a chronic headache?

A

15 or more days per month for 3 months

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5
Q

What are the self-treatment headaches?

A
  1. tension type
  2. Migraine
  3. Cluster
  4. SInus
  5. Alcohol induced
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6
Q

What are the characteristics of a tension headache?

A
  1. Gradual onset
  2. Bilateral, diffuse pain in head the radiate in other areas
  3. Tight, pressing, or constricting pain
  4. Dull pressure that doesn’t throb
  5. Stress, anxiety, depression, emotional conflict
  6. Minutes to days
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7
Q

What are the characteristics of a migraine?

A
  1. Onset 10-45 years
  2. Common in females
  3. temporary narrowing of some blood vessels, decreasing the brain’s supply of blood and oxygen resulting in a compensatory enlargement of other vessels in an attempt to normalize the brain’s oxygenation
  4. throbbing, pounding, or pulsating ache that is usually unilateral
  5. Dull ache 6-48hr
  6. May be preceded by an aura
  7. Fatigue, photophobia, photophobie, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and chills
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8
Q

What are the characteristics of cluster headache?

A
  1. Common in 30-40 YO males
  2. Unilateral, concentrated in temporal or orbital
  3. 15 minutes to 3 hr
  4. Most sever primary headache
  5. 4-6 attacks a day
  6. Pain can be clustered in one eye
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9
Q

What are the characteristics of a sinus headache?

A
  1. Infection or blockage of paranasal sinuses causing inflammation of the sinus walls
  2. Pain is around forehead or periorbital area
  3. Pain stops when sinus pressure is relieved
  4. Persistent sinus pain with or without discharge are signs of infection
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10
Q

What are the characteristics of alcohol induced headache?

A
  1. Overindulgence
  2. Wine sensitivity
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11
Q

How do you prevent tension headaches?

A

Avoid triggers, if known. Reduce stress. Get treatment for anxiety/depression

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12
Q

What is the treatment for tension headaches?

A

APAP/ASA/caffeine/IB U
Avoid triggers

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13
Q

How do you prevent migraines?

A

Avoid triggers
Prescription medication

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14
Q

What is the treatment for migraines?

A

APAP/ASA/caffeine/IB U
Avoid triggers/mg supp

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15
Q

How do you prevent cluster headaches?

A

Prescription only

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16
Q

What is the treatment for cluster headaches?

A

Prevention is the best
APAP/ASA/caffeine/IB U(may not be very effective)

17
Q

What is the treatment for sinus headaches?

A

Analgesic

18
Q

How do you prevent sinus headaches?

A

Avoid allergens

19
Q

What are non-pharmacologic treatment for headaches?

A
  1. Stress reduction
  2. Meditation
  3. Acupuncture
  4. Spinal manipulation
  5. Massage
  6. Ice pack plus pressure
20
Q

What are pharmacologic treatment options?

A
  1. Asprin
  2. Acetaminophen
  3. Ibuprofen
  4. Naproxen
21
Q

How is caffeine used to treat headaches?

A
  1. Unsafe in high doses – 10-14 grams can be fatal (150-200 mg/kg)
  2. Pregnant women should avoid more than 300 mg of caffeine a day
  3. Recommended dose for headache is up to 520 mg daily
22
Q

What are examples of combo products for sinus headaches?

A

APAP with diphenhydramine/phenylphrine +/- guaifenesin/ASA/Caffeine

23
Q

What are examples of combo products for migraines and tension headaches?

A

APAP and or ASA with caffeine

24
Q

When do you refer someone about a headache?

A
  1. Severe head pain
  2. Pain lasting longer than 10 days with or without treatment
  3. 3rd trimester pregnancy
  4. less than 8 years old
  5. High fever or infection
  6. History of liver disease
  7. Secondary headache
  8. Undiagnosed migraine
25
Q

When do you refer someone about a serious headache?

A
  1. Doesn’t go away or gets progressively worse
  2. A headache that is distinctively different from those in the past
  3. Triggered by activity or aggravated by exertion (e.g. aneurysm)
  4. Stiff neck, high fever, blurry vision
  5. Numbness/weakness in an extremity
  6. Trauma

Self Care (16 decks)

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