Week 2 - Growth & Development Flashcards
The four basic principles of child development include all except: (Bates, p 800; Principles of Growth & Development lecture)
A. Growth and development is orderly, sequential, and predictable
B. The range of normal is narrow to identify developmental delays early
C. Physical, social, and environmental factors affect development
D. The child’s developmental level affects how you conduct the history and physical exam
*Extra: What is the correct 4th principle?
B - the range of normal is narrow to identify development delays early
the fourth principle is:
the range of normal is WIDE
The APGAR score is an assessment of __________ components. (Bates, p. 804)
A. 4
B. 3
C. 5
D. 6
*Extra: Identify each category & how each is scored
C - 5
classify the newborn’s neurologic recovery from the stress of birth and immediate adaptation to extrauterine life
Heart rate: absent, <100, >100
Respiratory effort: absent, slow and irregular, good; strong
muscle tone: flaccid, some flexion of the arms and legs, active movement
reflex irritability: no response, grimace, vigorous cry, sneeze, or cough
color: blue/pale, pink body blue extremities, pink all over
The infant is usually able to sit by what age? (Bates, p 810)
A. 3 -4 months
B. 5-6 months
C. 7-8 months
D. 10 months
*Extra: Identify expected Milestones during infancy
B - 5 to 6 months
3 - 4 months: infants should be able to lift their head (no head lag), clasp hands, coo, laughs
5 - 6 months: infants should be able to roll over, reach for objects, turn to voices, babble, and possibly sit with support (have some core strength)
7 - 8 months: infants should have a neat pincer gasp (self-feed), indicate wants; have usually developed “stranger danger”
10 months: infants should be able to stand, say 1-3 words. waves and plays peek a boo.
You would expect an infant pull self to a standing position at age: (Burns, p. 81)
A. 3-4 months
B. 9-10 months
C. 5-6 months
D. 12 months
B - 9 to 10 months
You examine 12-month-old, Ariya and note that she was born at 32 weeks gestation. You would expect her to meet the milestones based on what age? (Bates, p. 811).
A. 1-year-old
B. 6-month-old
C. 8-month-old
D. 10-month-old
D - 10 months old
Somatic growth measurements include all except: (Bates, p. 813)
A. Length
B. Head circumference
C. Respiratory rate
D. Weight
C - Respiratory rate
You should begin measuring the pediatric patient’s height when they are able to walk & stand straight. (Bates, p. 813)
A. True
B. False
B - False
The normal range of a 6- month-old heart rate is 80 – 180. (Bates, p. 815)
A. True
B. False
A - True
5 Critical domains of development include all except: (Week 2 PPT, slide 4)
A. Nutrition
B. Cognition
C. Communication
D. Fine & Gross Motor
*Extra: Identify all of the domains.
A - nutrition
- gross motor
- fine motor
- cognitive (or problem-solving)
- communication
- personal/social domains of development
In early childhood development, you would expect the 1-4 y.o. to be in _______ cognitive stage. (Week 2 PPT, slide 12)
A. Concrete operational
B. Operational variance
C. Formal operational
D. Preoperational
*Extra: Describe each stage & the corresponding age group
D - Preoperational
without sustained, logical thought process
concrete operational - middle childhood (5 to 10 years): capable of limited logic and more complex learning
operational variance -
formal operational - adolescents 11 to 20 years): acquiring an ability to reason logically and abstractly and to consider future implications of current actions
In this stage, the child develops a sense of right & wrong as well as guilt & self-esteem. (Week 2 PPT, slide 12)
A. Concrete operational
B. Preoperational
C. Formal operational
D. Operational variance
A - concrete operational
middle childhood 5 to 10 years old
- This is reciprocal, dynamic process of interacting and bonding with the caregiver. (Week 2 PPT, slide 9)
A. Habituation
B. State regulation
C. Attachment
D. Perception
*Extra: Define each term
C - attachment
habituation: ability to selectively and progressively shut out negative stimuli (e.g. a repetitive sound)
attachment: a reciprocal, dynamic process of interacting and bonding with the caregiver
state regulation: ability to modulate the level of arousal in response to different degrees of stimulation (e.g. self-consoling)
perception: ability to regard faces, turn to voices, quiet in presence of singing, track colorful objects respond to touch, and recognize familiar scents
Caregiver anticipatory guidance for middle childhood should include: (Week 2 PPT, slide 13)
A. Your child will strive for independence
B. Your child will have poor self-control
C. Your child’s language will continue to be simple for 2-3 more years
D. Your child has little understanding of consequences or abstractions
A - your child will strive for independence
Active immunity is protection that _________ (Pink book, Principles of Vaccination).
A. is produced by an animal or human and transferred to another human, usually by injection
B. provides effective protection, but this protection wanes (disappears) with time, usually within a few weeks or months
C. is produced by the person’s own immune system
D. is achieved after an initial dose followed by “booster(s)”
C - Is produced by the person’s own immune system
The immune response to a live attenuated vaccine is virtually identical to that produced by a natural infection. (Pink book, Principles of Vaccination).
A. True b. False
A - True
Live attenuated vaccines ________________________ (Pink book, Principles of Vaccination)
A. may cause severe or fatal reactions as a result of uncontrolled replication (growth) of the vaccine virus
B. cannot revert to its original pathogenic (disease-causing) form
C. cannot cause disease from infection, even in an immunodeficient person
D. the first dose does not produce protective immunity, but “primes” the immune system
A - may cause severe or fatal reactions as a result of uncontrolled replication (growth) of the vaccine virus
The FNP knows that all of the following information regarding simultaneous administration (that is, administration on the same day) of the most widely used live and inactivated vaccines is true except (Pink book, Chp 2)
A. does not result in decreased antibody responses or increased rates of adverse reaction
B. it increases the probability that a child will be fully immunized at the appropriate age
C. persons with functional or anatomic asplenia should receive all eligible vaccines to reduce of pneumonia and meningitis in particular
D. Combination vaccines are generally preferred over simultaneous administration of single component vaccines
C - Persons with functional or anatomic asplenia should receive all eligible vaccines to reduce of pneumonia and meningitis in particular
If live parenteral (injected) vaccines (MMR, MMRV, varicella, zoster, and yellow fever) and live intranasal influenza vaccine (LAIV) are not administered at the same visit, they should be separated by at least ______. (Pink book, Chp 2)
A. 2 weeks
B. 4 weeks
C. 6 weeks
D. 8 week
B - 4 weeks
Decreasing the interval between doses of a multidose vaccine may increase the body’s response and protection. (Pink book, Ch. 2)
A. True b. False
B - False
The bacterial infection may cause invasive disease are meningitis, epiglottitis, pneumonia, arthritis, and cellulitis. (Pink book, Ch. 8)
A. Diphtheria
B. Pertussis
C. Haemophilus influenzae
D. Measles
C - Haemophilus influenzae
This viral infection is characterized by fever (103º-105ºF), followed by the onset of cough, coryza (runny nose), or conjunctivitis, Koplik spots, maculopapular eruption that usually lasts 5–6 days that begins at the hairline, then involves the face and upper neck.
A. Diphtheria
B. Pertussis
C. Haemophilus influenzae
D. Measles
D - Measles
All of the following are caused by viral infections except: (Pink book, ch. 15, 16, 18, 20)
A. Mumps
B. Rubella
C. Pertussis
D. Poliomyelitis
C - Pertusis
During the 2nd stage of this bacterial infection, the paroxysmal stage patient will have paroxysms of numerous, rapid coughs, followed by a high-pitch sound, the pt may become cyanotic, vomiting & exhaustion commonly follow the episode. The FNP knows this is: (Pink book, ch 16).
A. Pertussis
B. Diptheria
C. Pneumococcal
D. Influenza
A - Pertusis
