Week 2 gas exchange & peds Flashcards
What gases cause respiratory acidosis ?
CO2 + H2O = carbonic acid (Hypercapnia)
Is Hypercapnic a perfusion issue or a ventilation issue?
ventilation
Is hypoxemia a perfusion or ventilation issue?
Perfusion (oxygenation failure)
Does pneumonia cause a perfusion or ventilation issue and why?
Ventilation.
b/c alveoli are filled with infectious fluid so gas can’t get out.
Does high cervical spine cord injury cause decreased perfusion or ventilation and why?
ventilation b/c muscles used to control the diaphragm are damaged so can’t expand and contract appropriately
What are 4 areas of patient history we should as about regarding Gas exchange?
- Age, environment
- Respiratory history
- Family history and genetic risk
- Current health problems
What are 4 things we should do a part of our physical assessment for gas exchange?
- Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, thorax
- lungs & thorax
- Skin colour, nail bed, weight loss, dyspnea w/walking/talking
- psych assessment
5 interventions for gas exchange
- find underlying cause - fix it
- tripod/semi fowlers position
- Deep breath/cough
- fluids
- O2 & monitor O2
What is RSV?
acute viral infection of bronchioles
What are some special signs of RSV in infants that are important besides regular lack of perfusion signs?
- High RR >60 breaths per minute
- low O2 sats
- Retractions
- decreased urine output
What 2 tests diagnose RSV?
swab
ABG (if severe)
What medications do we NOT give to infants with RSV?
anticholinergics
no steroids
no cough/cold meds
why does asthma happen?
- Inflammatory response to a stimulus
- Edema and mucus secretion
- Smooth muscle spasm of bronchi and bronchioles and
- Re-modeling of the airway tissues
what is a complication of asthma?
status asthmaticus
How do we know a child is well enough to go home after asthma?
Feeding well
RR < 60 (for infants)
02 sats > 88%
No social issues preventing appropriate care at home; adequate supports
