Week 2 - Biotechnology in Medicine Flashcards
1
Q
What does FISH stand for?
A
Fluorescent in situ hybridization
2
Q
What does A pair with?
A
T
3
Q
What does G pair with?
A
C
4
Q
Give a high-level description of how FISH works.
A
- Acquire probe DNA
- Label the probe with fluorescent dye
- Denature probe
- Hybridize with DNA strand
5
Q
Give a high-level description of how gel-electrophoresis works.
A
- Insert DNA samples into wells in the agarose gel
- Run an electric current through the gel
- Fragments will have moved different distances
- Add dye specific for nucleic acids to gel
- View under UV lights
6
Q
What is DNA sequencing?
A
Figuring out the sequence of a given DNA strand
7
Q
Describe a method of DNA sequencing (Sanger Sequencing).
A
- Add a primer to four different groups, each group with a different ddNTP + required reagents
- ddNTPs will cause primer growth to terminate early, ending with nucleotides related to the ddNTP in the group
- Add samples from each group to different wells on a gel-electrophoresis to observe where each nucleotide terminates
8
Q
At what age does symptoms of Huntington’s Chorea usually appear?
A
35 - 44
9
Q
Huntington’s Chorea is caused by an excess amount of which amino acid?
A
Glutamine
10
Q
Given the HTT gene, how would you observer possibility of Huntington’s Chorea?
A
- = 40 repeats of CAG = Full penetrance of HD
11
Q
Give a high-level description of how Microarray-based testing works.
A
- Prepare each spot on the microarray with a single-stranded DNA probe
- Label cDNA strands produced by RNA with fluorescent dye (done using reverse transcription)
- Allow labelled cDNA strands to hybridize with microarray spots
- Observer concentration of dye colors
