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Systems In the City > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What values led to different urbam development ?

A

Symbolic/ religious, Power, Colonization

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2
Q

Key features of a symbolic urban development

A

High tower, large squares

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3
Q

Key features of a Power urban development

A

High central buildings, Important place

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4
Q

Key features of a colonization urban development

A

Square streets which could be built fast, easy to build, fit many people

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5
Q

What is urban angst

A

Cities seen as sources of pollution both morally and environmentally

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6
Q

Two major challenges the BE had

A

The housing question and public health crisis

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7
Q

What is the housing question?

A

How could workers be decently and affordably housed?

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8
Q

Solution for the housing question

A

From overcrowded tenements and barracks to first experimenrts with social housing

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9
Q

What is the public heatlh crisis?

A

Overcrowding and improper living conditions resulted in frequent illnes and epidemics in cities

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10
Q

Solution to the public health crisis

A

Water and sewer systems were introduced to improve hygiene standards of living

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11
Q

What is the park movement

A

Bringing the nature in the city

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12
Q

Who is the designer of central park in New York

A

Frederick Law Olmstead

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13
Q

What had a major impact on western cities in the early 20th century

A

New transportation technologies

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14
Q

What could happen because if new transportation technologies in cities

A

Cities could expand and deconcentrate simply due to market force

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15
Q

What brouht the fact that reformers could focus on improving the housing conditions

A

The first generation social and public housing programs.

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16
Q

the city garden bl bla

A
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17
Q

what is the city in the garden concept?

A

benefits of living in the country with the attractions of living in the city

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18
Q

What was developt interwar and post-war in europe, north america based on the concepts of garden city

A

Garden villages and garden subburbs

19
Q

what made the expasnion of housing develop in 1950s-1960s

A

Repate increase of private transport by car

20
Q

Meaning of high density towers in green environments

A

Highly compact living with all amenities provided in the space of the tower

21
Q

characteristics of the radiant city

A

Build cities as “machine for living in”, Concrete prefab techniques

22
Q

What is zoning the city means

A

strictly separating residential, commercial and industrial functions in the city

23
Q

Meaning of post war housing estates

A

the radical elements of design were abandoned, but also some of the essential parts regarding the provision of facilities at level demanded by the density created

24
Q

What are the renewal programs

A

In west europe and US the development of large housese after WW2 formed a part of government-led urban renewal programs

25
Q

For what are the renewal programs

A

They aim to clear away dilapidated neighborhoods and replace them with new housing blocks in the process of slum clearance

26
Q

Was the renewal program a succes

A

No it was not, It led in most cases in ghettoizations

27
Q

What is urban planning

A

This is an intergral professionql practice for systematically solving urban problems and efficiently using urban space

28
Q

What is project for public spaces

A

together with William white, jane jacobs had influence on the placemnet movement

29
Q

What did jane jacobs do with Jan Gehl?

A

widespread implementation of urban design principles on the human scale

30
Q

What happend when deindustrialization in addition to suburbanization

A

Further hollowed out urban cores. Cities that depended heavily on their manufacturing suffered the most as these old industries moved abroad

31
Q

Toward what steer planners the attention now

A

Economic development and attracting people and jobs

32
Q

What does the speed of global interconnectedness impacts?

A

Pretty much everything in cities from everyday life to logistics, security and government

33
Q

Environmental urbanization challenges

A

Resource depletion, Excessive water generation, Pollution/ CO2 emissions

34
Q

Social urbanization challenges

A

Inactive lifestyles, Social disengagement, loneliness

35
Q

Economic urbanization challenges

A

Segregation, Wealth inequality, economic stagnation

36
Q

What did The habitat conferences do for urbanization?

A

They put it on the global agenda and came up with ambitions goals to be tackled at global level

37
Q

Criticism of smart urbanization

A

Does not address uneven development, disempowers and marginalizes citizens without digital skills

38
Q

to what are preoccupations with justice tied to?

A

Growing inequalities within cities, between cities and between the global north and south -> uneven development

39
Q

What are the largest consumers of materials, land and energy

A

Cities

40
Q

What do cities present us with?

A

Opportunity to engage in sustainability transitions i n a concreted way

41
Q

Examples of a sustainable neighborhood redevelopment

A

Focus of urban metabolisms and their circularity, Sustainable mobility, Green structures, low energy buildings

42
Q

characteristics of a 15 min city

A

Accessibility, walkability, density, land use mix and design diversity

43
Q

Planning ideas for the 21st century

A

Compact city design, Diversity and human scale, walkability, microclimatic concerns, carbon footprint, biodiversity

44
Q

Planning ideas for the 21st century

A

Compact city design, Diversity and human scale, walkability, microclimatic concerns, carbon footprint, biodiversity

Systems In the City (6 decks)

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