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HEMA LEC PRELIM > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A basic screening test and one of the most frequently ordered laboratory procedure

A

Complete blood count

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2
Q

Test that measures the number of WBC in your body

A

White blood cell count

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3
Q

detects hidden infections

A

White blood cell count

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4
Q

Increase RBC

A

Polycythemia

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5
Q

Measurement of the concentration of Hgb in the blood

A

Hemoglobin determination

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6
Q

Can detect immature WBC and abnormalities, both of which are signs of potential issues.

A

Differential count

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7
Q

Volume of packed RBC that occupies a given volume of whole blood.

A

Hematocrit

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8
Q

Used also to rule out Anemia

A

Hgb determination

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9
Q

Who carries oxygen to your body

A

RBC

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10
Q

Hematocrit also known as

A

Packed Cell Volume

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11
Q

Use to assess the erythropoietic activity of the bone marrow

A

Reticulocyte count

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12
Q

production of rbc

A

Erythropoietic

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13
Q

Whole blood, anticoagulated with EDTA is stained with a ________ such as _______________________

A

Supravital stain ; new methylene blue, brilliant cresyl blue, or pure azure blue

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14
Q

Common hematology test and nonspecific measure of inflammation

A

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

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15
Q

activities done in prior to the examination of the specimen or sample that is intended to establish system conducive to accuracy testing.

A

Preventive

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16
Q

Gives valuable diagnostic information about the
hematologic and other body system , prognosis
response to treatment and recovery.

A

complete blood count

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17
Q

Hb the main component of erythrocytes , serves
as the vehicle for the transportation of oxygen
and carbon dioxide.

A

hemoglobin determination

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18
Q

ratio of the volume of packed RBCs
to the volume of whole blood.

A

hematocrit determination

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19
Q

units of RBC to be reported

A

microliter (μL, mcL,
also called cubic millimeter, mm3 ), milliliter (mL, also
called cubic centimeter, or cc), or liter (L)

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20
Q

may be counted visually using a microscope
and HEMACYTOMETER

A

white blood cell count

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21
Q

he total count of circulating WBC is differentiated according to the five
types of leukocytes

A
  • neutrophils : pyogenic infection
  • eosinophils : allergic disorder
    parasitic infestation
  • basophils : parasitic infection
    lymphocytes : viral infection
    monocytes : severe infection by phagocytosis
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22
Q

Rate at which red blood cells sediment in a period of
one hour.

A

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

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23
Q

phenotypically detects an inherited RBC enzyme
deficiency causing severe episodic hemolytic anemia

A

GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE ASSAY

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24
Q

sum of all those activities in which the
laboratory is engaged to ensure that information
generated by the laboratory is correct.

A

Quality assurance

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25
Q

done when error is detected to
correct the system.

A

corrective

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26
Q

Activities done during testing to determine whether test systems are performing correctly

A

assessment

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27
Q

the closeness to the estimated value to the true mean

A

accuracy

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28
Q

reproducibility of a result, whether
accurate or inaccurate

A

precision

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29
Q

One of the oldest hematology tests

A

ESR

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30
Q

uses graduated
concentrations of saline solutions to detect
SPHEROCYTES

A

Osmotic fragility test

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31
Q

used to
detect and diagnose sickle cell anemia and other inherited
qualitative hemoglobin abnormalities and thalassemia’s

A

SICKLE CELL SOLUBILITY SCREENING ASSAY, HEMOGLOBIN ELECTROPHORESIS and HIGH
PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

32
Q

The real purpose is to determine how
correct/incorrect the result is.

A

quality assurance

33
Q

Blood sample collected is called _______
instead of capillary blood

A

peripheral blood

34
Q

sites of skin puncture

A

finger (middle or ring)
earlobe
<1yr old - lateral portion of the plantar surface of heel/toe

35
Q

blood specimen collection:

A
  • skin puncture
  • venipuncturee
36
Q

manner of inserting a needle attached to a syringe to a palpable vein to collect blood for laboratory testing.

A

venipuncture

37
Q

methods of collection for venipuncture

A
  • syringe method
  • ETS method
    • winged blood collection set
38
Q

MOST COMMON ANTICOAGULANT USED IN
HEMATOLOGY

A

EDTA

39
Q

Most common and preferred anticoagulant
for coagulation studies

A

Citrate

40
Q

Most commonly used for Osmotic Fragility Testing and
immunotyping

A

Heparin

41
Q

Methods of skin puncture

A
  • finger puncture
  • earlobe puncture
  • heel stick procedure
42
Q

Sites to avoid

A
  • inflammed and pallor area
  • scarred and heavily calloused area
  • cold and cyanotic area
43
Q

3 factors involved in a good venipuncture

A
  • phlebotomist
  • patient and his/her vein
  • equipment needed
44
Q

Angle of needle insertion

A

15-30

45
Q

Blood pressure cap

A

40-60 mmHg

46
Q

Sites of venipuncture in newborn infants

A
  • external jugular vein
  • temporal vein
  • superior longitudinal sinus
47
Q

Sites of venipuncture in older children

A
  • femoral vein
  • long saphenous vein
  • ankle vein
  • popliteal vein
48
Q

Complications of venipuncture

A
  • hematoma
  • fainting
49
Q

Bind to non-ionized form of calcium chelates

A

EDTA

50
Q

Binds calcium

A

Citrate
Oxalates

51
Q

Binds thrombin

A

Heparin

52
Q

Double oxalates also known as

A

Balance oxalate

53
Q

Addressed in blood specimen collection texts and coagulation specimen management

A

Pre analytical

54
Q

Examples of pre analytical

A
  • specimen collected in the wrong tube or container
  • incorrect labeling of specimen
  • improper processing of specimen
  • specimen procured at the wrong time
    • Specimen obtained from the wrong patient
  • Blood specimens collected in the wrong order
55
Q

Examples of analytical

A
  • oversight of instrument flags
  • out of control quality control results
  • wrong assay preformed
56
Q

Examples or post analytical

A
  • Verbal reporting of results
  • confusion about reference ranges
  • fail to report critical values immediately
  • Laboratory Information System (LIS)
    incompatibility error
57
Q

immature WBC that are okay to be seen in diff count

A

reticulocytes and stab neutrophil

58
Q

If reticulocytes are increased, rule out

A

hemolysis

59
Q

ratio of reticulocytes

A

1:1

60
Q

measures the rate of fall

A

ESR

61
Q

ESR unit of measurement

A

mm/hr

62
Q

disease associated with increase of ESR

A
  • rheumatoid arthritis
  • tuberculosis
  • pregnancy
63
Q

minimize error

A

quality control

64
Q
A
65
Q

advantage of skin puncture using earlobe

A

less painful

66
Q

disadvantage of skin puncture

A

cannot repeat test
small amount can be obtain

67
Q

two patten of veins in antecubital

A
  • H pattern
  • M pattern
68
Q

order of draw

A
  • blood culture
  • coagulation tube
  • serum tubes with or without activator
  • heparin
  • EDTA
  • sodium fluoride
69
Q

advantages of ETS

A
  • can repeat test
  • easy to manipulate
70
Q

3 forms of EDTA

A
  • dipotassium EDTA
  • disodium EDTA
  • Tripotassium EDTA
71
Q

disadvantage of double oxalate

A

o Not recommended for blood transfusions
o Causes agglutination or clumping of WBCs
and platelets
o Not recommended for peripheral blood smear

72
Q

Ammonium oxalate

A

(RBC Swells

73
Q

Potassium oxalate

A

RBC shrinks

74
Q
  • 3 forms of oxalate:
A

o Double oxalate
o Lithium Oxalate
o Sodium Oxalate

75
Q

Double oxalate

A

(most commonly used)

76
Q

Lithium Oxalate

A

(bloody body fluids)

77
Q

Sodium Oxalate

A

(for coagulation)

HEMA LEC PRELIM (5 decks)

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