HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM Flashcards by Ruth Joy De Guzman

During the normal maturation of RBC or cell, what would be the changes that will occur?

size
nucleus
cytoplasm
chromatin
granules

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the cytoplasm of an immature
cell is usually blue or basophilic due to RNA content.

Loss of Basophilia

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These granules contain some
enzymes which distinguish the myeloid stem cells from other cells

cytoplasmic granules

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acidophilic or eosinophilic granules

red dye

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are called basophilic
granules

blue dye

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basic and acidic dye

Neutrophilic granules

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special feature
of the maturation of erythrocytes cells.

Elaboration of Hemoglobin

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How many series are there in the maturation of erythrocytes?

6 series

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the nucleus is apparently no
longer necessary and eliminated by
nucleolysis or extursion

Mature stage

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anucleated cells

erythrocytes

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The immature nucleus is round or oval and the nuclear chromatin is very delicate, fine and linear and is called

EUCHROMATIN

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it would give a pale blue color, uncondensed

EUCHROMATIN

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As the cells matures chromatin strands
increasingly coarse and clumped

HETEROCHROMATIN

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in terms of size, a mature cell is _______
than immature cells.

smaller

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Enumerate the nuclear changes

Structure and Cytochemistry
Shape Changes
Reduction in cell size

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Inclusion bodies may be found
in the cytoplasm of both erythrocytes and
leukocytes, especially in the granulocytes

abnormal cytoplasmic

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this is characterized by persistent
cytoplasmic basophilia and late
hemoglobinization.

Abnormal Cytoplasmic Differentiation

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Does immature cells contain hemoglobin?

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best example for mature stage

erythrocyte

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What do you call if the lobes of neutrophil is 6-10?

Hypersegmented neutrophils

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What could be the reason why neutrophils has many lobes?

old cell
megaloblastic anemia

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What are the example of inclusion bodies that are present in RBC

Howell-Jolly bodies,
Pappernheimer bodies
Heinz bodies

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Hyposegmented is seen in condition
associated with

Pelger-Huet Anomaly ; problem with lamin B

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less than two lobes

Hyposegmented neutrophils

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types of human stem cell

- Totipotential stem cells - Pluripotential stem cells - Multipotential stem cells

These cells are present several days after fertilization. can develop into any cell type, except they cannot develop into a FETUS.

Pluripotential stem cells

These cells are present in the first few hours after an ovum is fertilized. most versatile type of stem cell, can develop into any human cell type, including development from embryo into fetus

Totipotential stem cells

These cells are derived from pluripotent stem cells. They can be found in adults, but they are limited to specific types of cells to form tissues

Multipotential stem cells

reticulocyte can stay in the peripheral blood for how long?

1 day

reticulocyte can stay in the bone marrow for how long?

1-2 days

the first recognizable erythroid precursor

rubriblast

Granulopoiesis - they only have one way; they only differ in the matured stage

Basophils Eosinophils Neutrophils

is a process by which erythroid precursor cells differentiates to become mature

Erythropoiesis

Other name for Pronormoblast

Rubriblast

N:C ratio of Pronormoblast

8:1

Other name for Basophilic Normoblast

Prorubricyte

N:C ratio decreases from 8:1 to 6:1

Basophilic Normoblast

globin production begins

Rubricyte

begins to accumulate the components necessary for hemoglobin production.

Pronormoblast

Detectable hemoglobin synthesis occurs, but the many cytoplasmic organelles, including ribosomes and a substantial amount of messenger ribonucleic acid

Basophilic Normoblast

Late Normoblast

Metarubricyte

LAST STAGE OF MITOSIS

Rubricyte

The increase in the salmon-pink color of the cytoplasm reflects nearly complete hemoglobin production

Metarubricyte

First stage of maturation

Prorubricyte

presence of hof

neutrophils Promyelocytes

No nucleus but has mitochondria and ribosomes

reticulocyte

Last stage to synthesize hemoglobin

reticulocyte

reticulocyte also known as

Polychromatophilic erythrocytes Polychromatophilic macrocytes Diffusely basophilic erythrocytes

salmon pink-staining cell with a central pale area.

erythrocytes

Make up 0% to 3% of the nucleated cells in the bone marrow and measure 14 to 20 mm in diameter

Myeloblasts

Nucleoli are absent

Neutrophil metamyelocytes

can be identified cytochemically due to the presence of Charcot Leyden crystal protein in their primary granules

Eosinophilic promyelocytes

eosinophils have a circulating half-life of roughly

18 hours

cytoplasm is colorless and contains large numbers of the characteristic large blue-black granules

mature basophils

have round to lobulated nuclei with only slightly condensed chromatin.

immature basophils

contain a lobulated nucleus that is often obscured by its granules

mature basophils

moderately basophilic to blue or gray; non granular

monoblast

Cleavage occurs

Promonocytes

may have small blunt pseudopods, narrow band around the nucleus; as the cell matures the amount of cytoplasm increases

Megakaryoblast (STAGE 1)

more abundant than in previous stage; granules begin to form in the golgi region

Promegarkayocytes (Stage II)

contains coarse clumps of granules aggregating into little bundles which bud off from the periphery –plts

Megakaryocyte (Stage III)

cytoplasm is light blue – purple

platelets

this stage lasts more than 24 hours

rubriblast

no nucleoli are present

rubricyte or normoblast

first stage in color changing

rubricyte

the stage in rubricyte lasts for

30 hours

nucleus is completely condensed

orthrochromic normoblast or metarubricyte

not capable of division due to the condensation of the chromatin

metarubricyte

last stage in bone marrow before release to the blood

reticulocyte

stain living cells

supravital stain

earliest recognizable granulocyte precursor

myeloblast

also known as juvenile cell

neutrophil metamyelocyte

it is water soluble and may be dissolve if the blood film is washed too much during the staining process

immature basophils

cleavage occurs

promonocytes

lacelike or stringy

promonocytes

would go to the sites of injury to temporarily prevent the bleeding

platelets