week 2

Question 1

cell wall

Answer 1

rigid outside layer of material surromding plasma ,membrane

Question 2

central vacuole

Answer 2

membrane bound organelle in plant cells that functions in storage of water, enzymes, ions, proteins, pigments, and toxins provides support to cell with turgor pressure

Question 3

cytoplasm

Answer 3

all parts of the cell that surrond the central nuclear or nucleiod region

Question 4

mitochondria

Answer 4

organelle that carries out cellular respiration and supplies most of cell’s ATP

Question 5

cellular respiration

Answer 5

a process that generates energy rich molecules called adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from sugars

Question 6

Golgi apparatus

Answer 6

organelle made up of flattened membrane bound compartments that modify, store, ship products of endoplasmic reticulum

Question 7

chloroplast

Answer 7

a chlorophyll containning organelle where photosynthesis occurs; found only in plants and algae

Question 8

chromoplast

Answer 8

plastid that contains pigments (carotenoids) giving colouration to flowers and fruits making them attractive to animals for pollution and seed dispersal respectively

Question 9

Lysosome

Answer 9

small membrane bound that contains hydrolytic enzymes that digest a cells food and waste

Question 10

plastid

Answer 10

family of plant organelles

Question 11

cytoskeleton

Answer 11

network of protein filaments in the cytoplasm within a cell; includes microtubules, intermediate filaments and microfilaments(actin filaments)

Question 12

food vacuole

Answer 12

vacuole presentn in animal like protists and some cells of multicellular animals; contains food particles engulfed by cell

Question 13

contractile vacuole

Answer 13

a membrane bound organelle involved in osmoregulation in animal like protists

Question 14

chlorophyll

Answer 14

green pigment

Question 15

carotenoid

Answer 15

pigemnst of red, yellow, orange and dark purple

Question 16

Thylakoid membrane

Answer 16

internal membranes inside the chloroplast

Question 17

plasmodesmata

Answer 17

cytoplasmic connections helps connect adjacent cells

Question 18

stomata

Answer 18

dumbell shaped pairs of cells regulate the opening and closing of small pores in the leaf

Question 19

striation

Answer 19

layers in starch grains

Question 20

plasma membrane

Answer 20

selectively permeable membrane that seperates a cells contents rom surronding environments and regulates passage of substances

Question 21

iodine potassium iodide (IKI)

Answer 21

turns from brown to black in presence of starch

Question 22

photosynthesis

Answer 22

process which uses light energy to synthesize sugars from carbon dioxide and water while releasing oxygen as by product

Question 23

rough ER

Answer 23

part of ER studded with ribosomes that play key role in initial synthesis and sorts protein for export

Question 24

smooth ER

Answer 24

no ribosomes synthesis of lipids that become part part of cell membrane

Question 25

pseudopodia

Answer 25

temporary cellular extensions produced by amoeba and related genera which allow organisms to move and feed

Question 26

phagocytosis

Answer 26

cellular process that involves engulfing food particles into the cell’s cytoplasm

Question 27

osmoregulation

Answer 27

control of water and ion balance within a cell or organism

Question 28

vesicle

Answer 28

small membrane bound organelle found in eukaryotes cell may contain vacuoles for storage