Week 16: Digestive System Flashcards
Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system?
Absorb nutrients
Eliminate wastes
Ingest food
Regulate blood pH
Regulate blood pH
T/F: Actions of the digestive system
- Ingestion
- Mastication
- Propulsion
- Mixing
- Secretion
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Elimination of waste
- Filter blood
- Regulate the immune system
- Regulate metabolic rate
True True True True True True True True False False False
Which of the following tunics contains blood vessels, nerves, and small glands?
Muscularis
Serosa or adventitia
Submucosa
Mucosa
Submucosa
Which of the following correctly lists the three layers of the tooth?
Enamel, dentin, pulp
What are the salivary glands located just anterior to each ear?
Parotid glands
Which phase of swallowing that involves the epiglottis covering the opening of the larynx?
Pharyngeal phase
During the ____, a bolus of food is pushed by the tongue.
voluntary phase
During the ____, the soft palate is elevated, closing off the nasopharynx.
pharyngeal phase
The ____ is pushed down over the opening to the ____ as it is forced into the esophagus.
epiglottis; larynx
The ____ relaxes allowing the bolus to enter the esophagus.
upper esophageal sphincter
During the ____, the bolus moves toward the stomach.
esophageal phase
What stomach parts connects with the small intestine?
Pyloric part
What is the substance secreted by the chief cells of the gastric glands?
Pepsinogen
Which phase of gastric secretion is stimulated by distention of the stomach?
Gastric phase
Which of the following increases the surface area of the individual columnar epithelial cells within the small intestine?
Microvilli
Which of the following is responsible for movement of chyme in the small intestine?
Peristaltic contractions
Match the enzyme with the major food type that it helps to digest.
Chymotrypsin Pepsin Salivary amylase Disaccharidases Carboxypeptidase Trypsin Peptidases Pancreatic amylase
Proteins Proteins Carbohydrates Carbohydrates Proteins Proteins Proteins Carbohydrates
Which of the following describes the blood in the hepatic portal vein?
Carries deoxygenated blood away from liver
Carries oxygenated blood to liver
Carries blood rich in nutrients from digestive organs to liver
Carries blood rich in nutrients from liver to other digestive organs
Carries blood rich in nutrients from digestive organs to liver
Which of the following an effect of secretin on the pancreas?
The pancreas is inhibited from releasing pancreatic juice.
The pancreas releases more enzymes in the pancreatic juice.
The pancreas releases more bicarbonate in the pancreatic juice.
The pancreas releases more hydrochloric acid in the pancreatic juice.
The pancreas releases more bicarbonate in the pancreatic juice.
Match the pancreatic secretion with the correct function.
- Trypsin
- Pancreatic amylase
- Pancreatic lipase
- Bicarbonate ions
Digests proteins
Digests carbohydrates
Digests lipids
Neutralizes acid
Which of the following is where the small and large intestine meet?
Ileocecal junction
What causes the release of fecal material?
Defecation reflex
Match the type of event that occurs in the large intestine with its description.
Powerful contractions; propels fecal material toward rectum
Mass movements
Match the type of event that occurs in the large intestine with its description.
Elimination of feces
Defecation
Match the type of event that occurs in the large intestine with its description.
Usually weak and sluggish ripple-like muscle contractions
Peristaltic contraction
Most glucose is absorbed in the epithelial cells of the small intestine by
cotransport with Na+.
Put in correct order:
Glucose moves out of the intestinal epithelial cells by facilitated diffusion.
Glucose enters the capillaries of the intestinal villi and is carried through the hepatic portal vein to the liver.
Glucose is absorbed through cotransport with sodium into intestinal epithelial cells.
Symport is driven by a gradient established by a sodium-potassium pump.
Glucose is absorbed through cotransport with sodium into intestinal epithelial cells.
Symport is driven by a gradient established by a sodium-potassium pump.
Glucose moves out of the intestinal epithelial cells by facilitated diffusion.
Glucose enters the capillaries of the intestinal villi and is carried through the hepatic portal vein to the liver.
increases surface area of lipid droplets for lipid digestion
Emulsification
Movement of water out of the large intestine occurs by
osmosis
T/F Water can move either direction across the wall of the small intestine; osmotic gradients across the epithelium determine the direction of its movement.
True
T/F Because of the osmotic gradient produced as nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine, nearly all water that enters by way of the oral cavity, stomach, or intestinal secretions is excreted.
False