week 16

Question 1

Which factor, proposed by psychologist Charles Spearman, refers to a larger set of intellectual skills that is sometimes considered synonymous with one’s overall intelligence?

Answer 1

g

Question 2

It ranks an individual’s intellectual ability against that of other people.

Answer 2

IQ, intelligence quotient

Question 3

Natasha gives an IQ test to 15 different children, and the test is administered the same way each time she gives it. This test would be said to be ______.

Answer 3

standardized

Question 4

What is an average IQ score?

Answer 4

100

Question 5

Orlando has not been doing well in school lately, but he believes that he can do better. He thinks that his intelligence is changeable, and handles failure better than some of his classmates. According to Carol Dweck, Orlando has a(n) ______mindset.

Answer 5

growth

Question 6

An individual’s cognitive capability. This includes the ability to acquire, process, recall and apply information.

Answer 6

Intelligence

Question 7

Assessments are given to a representative sample of a population to determine the range of scores for that population.

Answer 7

Norm

Question 8

The phenomenon in which people are concerned that they will conform to a stereotype or that their performance does conform to that stereotype.

Answer 8

Stereotype threat

Question 9

Working with gadgets and things

Answer 9

Realistic

Question 10

Scientific pursuits, and interest in theory

Answer 10

Investigative

Question 11

Little need for structure

Answer 11

Artistic

Question 12

Helping professions

Answer 12

Social

Question 13

Likes leadership roles directed toward economic objectives

Answer 13

Enterprising

Question 14

Liking of well-structured environments

Answer 14

Conventional

Question 15

Correlations between abilities and interests typically range from:

Answer 15

0.2 to 0.3

Question 16

Cognitive abilities that contain an appreciable component of g or general ability

Answer 16

Specific abilities

Question 17

According to the ______rationality framework, human beings try to make rational decisions, but our cognitive limitations prevent us from being fully rational.

Answer 17

bounded

Question 18

People’s judgments about various situations are predictably affected by ______, or mistakes that influence how we evaluate those circumstances.

Answer 18

biases

Question 19

You are trying to decide what type of vehicle to buy. According to Bazerman and Moore (2013), the first step you will take to make a rational decision will be to:

Answer 19

define the problem.

Question 20

Refers to a strategy that is used to simplify decision-making, sometimes at the cost of logic and rationality?

Answer 20

a heuristic

Question 21

Marissa believes that even 30 years after graduation she will be able to name 250 of the 300 students in her graduating class. Later, she is only able to correctly identify 75. This reflects her ______in her own skill.

Answer 21

overconfidence

Question 22

Brenda sees a television advertised around $500. When she finally buys one for $450, she feels she got a good deal. In this case, the $500 price acted as a(n) ______.

Answer 22

anchor

Question 23

Smoking Brand A carries an 80% chance of developing lung cancer while smoking Brand B carries a 20% chance of not developing lung cancer. Even though the outcomes are the same, the ______can affect the decisions that people make.

Answer 23

framing

Question 24

Cognitive (or thinking) strategies that simplify decision making by using mental short-cuts

Answer 24

Heuristics

Question 25

Our intuitive decision-making system, which is typically fast, automatic, effortless, implicit, and emotional.

Answer 25

System 1

Question 26

Our more deliberative decision-making system, which is slower, conscious, effortful, explicit, and logical.

Answer 26

System 2