- Cancer - Traumatic cause - Congenital limb loss

week 14 Flashcards by Payton Boyd

OTA Role in Amputation Care

-client’s education regarding the management and complications
-skin care
- functional activity tolerance

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Causes Amputation

Cancer
Traumatic cause
Congenital limb loss

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Psychosocial Implications

-adjustment to amputation and choice and use of a prosthesis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Phantom limb sensation and phantom limb pain (PLP)

-OTA should directly ask the client if he or she is experiencing these
phantom sensations or pain
-he pain and sensations may lead the client to think that a
limb is still present when it is not

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Types of Prosthetics Socket

the piece of the prosthesis that fits around the residual limb to
attach the prosthesis to the residual limb

Suspension refers to the way the socket is held onto the residual limb.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Terminal device (TD)

Refers to the most distal component of the prosthesis that acts as the hand.
▪ Passive - Cosmetic or Passive Use
▪ Prehensile
-Voluntary opening (VO) device
-Voluntary closing (VC) device

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

PASSIVE FUNCTIONAL PROSTHESIS

Similar in appearance to the non-affected limb and is
passive (no movement) in nature.
▪Although it does not provide the client with grasping
ability, it can be used to stabilize as a gross assist and
to carry items.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

BODY-POWERED PROSTHESIS

▪Consists of a harnessing system and uses the client’s gross body movements to control an excursion on a cable attached to the harness
▪This device is very durable and resistant to many environments and materials and its maintenance cost is low.
▪ Cable tension felt through the harness provides some proprioceptive feedback

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

MYOELECTRIC PROSTHESIS

-Uses electrical motors to move the TD (hand or hook), wrist, and elbow.
- controls this prosthesis through the use of myoelectric signals
-the prosthesis tends to
be heavier and the repair process is more complicated and time consuming.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

HYBRID PROSTHESIS

-Combines the use of body-powered components to operate the elbow and
then uses myoelectric signals to operate a TD

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ACTIVITY SPECIFIC PROSTHESIS AND TERMINAL DEVICE

-Used to perform a specific task or activity, activity-specific prostheses are available in a wide number of options.
▪Leisure TDs can include attachments for riding a bike,

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Phase 1: Early Management and Wound Healing

-Wound management
-ROM to both affected and non affected joints
- For the UE, it is important to make sure that the client is
avoiding positions of shoulder adduction, shoulder internal
rotation, forearm supination, and elbow flexion.
▪ For the LE, the client should avoid knee flexion, hip flexion, or excessive hip abduction or adduction for prolonged periods
-Limb shrinking and shaping
-Desensitization

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Phase 2: Preprosthetic Program, Preparation, Training

▪ Increasing general endurance and stamina
▪ Limb strengthening and ROM
▪ Participation in ADLs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Phase 3: Prosthetic Training

▪ Donning and doffing prosthesis
▪ Controls training
-Proportional control
▪ ADL activity using affected UE as an assist
▪ ADL activity with a LE prosthesis and mobility device

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Phase 4: Advanced Prosthetic Training

▪ Incorporating UE prosthesis use into ADLs, IADLs,
work, and leisure
▪ Minimizing compensatory movements and
biomechanical stress to uninvolved limb
▪ Participation in ADL, IADL, work, and leisure activities
with LE prosthesis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Therapy Progression of ICU Patient

-alertness
-transfers
-sitting EOB

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Standard adjustable bed

specialized adjustable bed that allows a patient to stand when it is elevated completely

Air-fluidized bed

Warm waterbed.
 Indicated for patients who have several infected
lesions or require skin protection and whose position
cannot be altered easily

Anticoagulation

Prevent clots

Urinary Catheters

Indwelling (catheter through the urethra), for
example, Foley catheter, suprapubic catheter
 External (males only)
 Collection: bag, bottle, or urinal
 Purewick (females only)

Oxygen delivery

Modes of delivery
1. Nasal cannula
2. Oronasal mask
3. Nasal catheter
4. Tent
5. Tracheostomy mask or catheter

Ostomy Devices

Opening in abdomen to allow elimination of
feces
 Enterostomy: ileostomy and colostomy
 Three primary types of collecting devices

Purpose of Traction

 Align fracture segments
 Soft tissue stretch
 Reduce muscle spasms or contractures
 Immobilize patient

Types of Traction

 Skin
 Skeletal
1.Balanced suspension traction
2.Skull
3.External fixation
4.Internal fixation

Patient-Controlled Analgesia

 Self-administered, small, predetermined, time limited, doses of pain medication  Follow IV line precautions.

Objectives of Dialysis Treatment

 Prevent infection  Restore normal level of fluids and electrolytes  Control acid–base balance  Remove waste and toxic materials  Assist in or replace normal kidney function

Hemodialysis

Blood is pumped out of your body to an artificial kidney machine, and returned to your body by tubes that connect you to the machine

Peritoneal dialysis

 Inside lining of your own belly acts as a natural filter  An advantage of peritoneal dialysis is that regular visits to a dialysis unit are not required, and it can be carried out at home

Responses to Patient Injuries

-immediately provide or obtain emergency care -document the incident -Notify your immediate superior -File an incident report -Notify the insurance carrier of the incident

Lacerations

Prevent contamination and control bleeding

Shock

Identify and reduce or remove cause.  Prevent or reduce extent of physiologic state of shock when possible.

Orthostatic (Postural) Hypotension

Most frequently occurs when one attempts to stand quickly

Seizures

Protect person from injury.  Protect for person’s modesty and privacy

Heat-Related Illnesses

 Remove or reduce the cause of the illness and return the patient to a state of normal homeostasis.  Two primary forms: heat exhaustion and heat stroke  Result from a hot and humid environment, vigorous physical activity, dehydration, and depleted body electrolytes.  Heat stroke may follow heat exhaustion if the patient is not treated properly.

Heat Exhaustion

 Least threatening to life  Cool the patient and counteract the effects of dehydration

Heat Stroke

 Medical emergency because the body can not cool  First-aid treatment should be initiated promptly

Insulin-Related Illnesses

 Restore the patient to a normal insulin–glucose state and remove, correct, or compensate for the cause of the condition.  Important to differentiate between hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia

Hypoglycemia

Too much systemic insulin, too little food intake, or excessive exercise  Provide some form of sugar.  Refer to a nutritionist or nurse educator as needed

Hyperglycemia

 Too little systemic insulin, intake of too much or improper food, or insufficient physical activity  Can lead to diabetic coma or death  Medical emergency  Do NOT give sugar.

Autonomic Dysreflexia (Hyperreflexia)

 Determine and remove noxious stimulus and return patient to a level of normal homeostasis.  Causes: urine retention, fecal impaction, open pressure ulcers, tight straps, localized pressure, or exercise

Stroke

 Third leading cause of death  Risk of stroke increases with age and is more common in African Americans.  Signs and symptoms manifest differently in men and women.  F.A.S.T.

Cardiac Arrest/Death

Maintain cardiopulmonary system at a level sufficient to sustain life.  Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): C-A-B (30 chest compressions prior to two rescue breaths)  Early recognition is based on responsiveness and abnormal breathing.  Use AED when available after five cycles of CPR are administered when breathing and pulse are absent