Week 14 Flashcards
Provide examples of how interaction of social experience, biological maturation, and child’s representations of experience and self provide the basis for growth in social and personality development
Social context-where the child lives and their relationships that provide security, guidance, and knowledge (ex. secure attachment to parents when the adult shows sensitivity to them)
Biological maturation-supports developing social and emotional competencies and underlies temperamental individuality (ex. temperament begins biologically)
Child representation-consciousness emerges in experiences
Describe the significance of parent-child and peer relationships to social skill and personality development
Child to parent
Securely attached and insecurely attached kids is obvious in different behaviours
Securely attached=develop stronger friendships, more advanced emotional understandings, and early conscious development, more positive self-concepts
Authoritative parenting also gives children greater competence and self-confidence
Peer relationships
social interactions with peers allows the development of initiating and maintaining social interactions with other children, managing conflict (compromise, bargaining), mutual goal planning, actions and understanding of others
Peer rejection can foreshadow future problems
Explain achievements in social understanding in childhood
Before the end of year 1 -infants are aware that other people have perceptions, feelings and other mental states that affect behaviours (social referencing-look at mom to see her behaviour and reflect it)
Infants start to develop theory of mind (figure out what people are thinking, wanting and intending)
Do scientists believe that infants are egocentric?
No, the opposite is true, infants are aware that people have different mental states and are not only focused on their own perceptions
Describe the association of temperament with personality development
Temperament is the foundation of personality development
A child’s temperament (differences in reactivity to things) and the environment interact to shape personality
Temperament also changes over time (brain-based capacity changes and so does personality)
What is social and emotional competence?
Social and biological influences result in developmental outcomes
Conscience is an example of this competence (derived from the influences around people)
Gender and gender identity is another example of this
Goodness of fit definition
a match between a child’s temperament and the characteristics of parental care that contribute to positive or negative personality development
Define security of attachement
An infants confidence in the sensitivity and responsiveness of a caregiver (especially when they are needed)
Temperament definition
Early emerging differences in reactivity and self-regulation (foundation for personality development)
Theory of mind definition
Children’s growing understanding of the mental states that affect people’s behaviour
Gender schemas definition?
organized beliefs and expectations about maleness and femaleness that guide children’s thinking about gender
Family stress model
Negative effect description of family financial difficulty on child adjustment (depressed parents, increased marital problems, poor parenting)
Gain an appreciation of emotion in human life
Emotions colour life experiences, and give those experiences meaning and flavour
we couldn’t make rapid decisions on attacking, defending, fleeing, caring, rejecting food, or approaching something
Emotions=rapid info processing that help us act with minimal thinking
Understand the functions and meaning of emotion in the 3 areas of life
Interpersonal:verbal and nonverbal expressions of emotions (help solve social problems by evoking responses from others, signalling nature of interpersonal relationships and providing incentives for desired social behaviour)
Intrapersonal:emotions prepare us for behaviour-perception, learning, memory, goal choice, motivation, physiological reactions, motor behaviours, they activate specific systems)
Social-cultural:people are apart of various groups, with multiple social roles, norms and expectations (helps provide necessary coordination and organization, allows humans to negotiate the complexity of human social life)
How does being afraid affect us and what area?
Intrapersonal
allows us to shut down unnecessary systems to prepare body to flee
