Week 13: ASD

Question 1

two salient characteristics of ASD

Answer 1

• deficits in social communication

- restricted or repetitive behaviors or interests

Question 2

ASD is an umbrella term for

Answer 2

autistic disorder
asperger's syndrome
rett's disorder
childhood disintegrative disorder
PDD-NOS

Question 3

ASD behaviors can be both

Answer 3

impairments of immaturity as well as showing behaviors that would be abnormal at any age

Question 4

severity levels of ASD are based on the

Answer 4

amount of support needed due to challenges with social communication and restructured interests/repetitive behaviors

Question 5

onset of ASD should be

Answer 5

before 3 years old

Question 6

ASD levels

Answer 6

1. requires support
2. requires substantial support
3. requires very substantial support

Question 7

rett’s disorder is now specified as

Answer 7

known genetic condition

Question 8

DSM V

Answer 8

diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders

Question 9

DSM V allows for inclusion of

Answer 9

comorbid conditions such as ADHD or OCD

Question 10

social communication disorder

Answer 10

both verbal and nonverbal communication
• Responding to others
• Taking turns
• Using gestures
• Staying on topic
• Talking about emotions/feelings
• Adjusting style of talking to fit different listeners
• Asking questions
• Making and keeping friends
• NOT repetitive/restricted behaviors as seen in autism
• Poor language comprehension
• Poor reading comprehension
• Can be distinguished from SLI and ASD

Question 11

autism frequently co-occurs with

Answer 11

intellectual handicaps, ADHD, OCD, etc.

Question 12

autism can be ______ to assess

Answer 12

hard; may have to use tangible reinforcement and present easy items first

Question 13

no child should be denied…

Answer 13

an in-depth assessment of communicative skills because of a presumed diagnosis

Question 14

ASD patterns often seen in identifying stimuli in assessments

Answer 14

• discrimination or identification of small differences between stimuli, ST memory
• excessively responsive to some stimuli or under responsive to other stimuli

Question 15

neuropsychological studies show that ASD has an increase in

Answer 15

memory
visuospatial
sensoriperceptual
single-modality problem-solving
detail

Question 16

neuropsychological studies of ASD show a decrease in

Answer 16

transfer of info across sensory modalities

complex tasks involving multiple domains of information processing

Question 17

face recognition and imitation of other’s actions and emotions is a

Answer 17

relative weakness in autism

Question 18

social cognition and understanding how others feel is a

Answer 18

relative weakness in autism

Question 19

young children with autism often fail to

Answer 19

respond to others and do not seem interesting in social interaction

Question 20

75% of verbal autistic children show use of

Answer 20

echolalia

Question 21

older children with autism struggle to establish a shared frame of reference

Answer 21

not knowing whether to provide more or less information to the listener

Question 22

older children with autism often have no ___________ to social norms as well as nonverbal cues in interaction

Answer 22

sensitivity

Question 23

autism shows a primary disorder in ____________ rather than _____________

Answer 23

communication rather than language

Question 24

autism includes problems with intentional communication but can co-occur with

Answer 24

language impairment

Question 25

precursory signs of autism

Answer 25

• lack of joint attention behavior
• abnormal response to human voices
• gesture to request, protest, and regulate but not with sho and point

Question 26

why is early diagnosis of autism important?

Answer 26

the earlier we can support them the better chances they have to develop speech, language, and comm.

Question 27

it is difficult to diagnose early because

Answer 27

speech and language are higher cognitive functions so they don’t develop until later

Question 28

when diagnosing autism early we can’t just look at

Answer 28

language development when the child starts to use real words, we have to look at precursory behaviors (CFU)

Question 29

what would you look for if Carl came in at age 2 and is not using any real words?

Answer 29

precursors of CFU
is carl understanding language?
joint attention
interest in looking at faces
reacting when you call his name

Question 30

some diagnostic autism tools

Answer 30

CHAT - checklist of autism behaviors
CARDS
M-CHAT - another checklist

Question 31

50% of children autism never

Answer 31

develop speech

Question 32

when speech is absent, it is not replaced with

Answer 32

communicative gestures as in hearing impairment or intellectual handicap

Question 33

in autism, expressive requests and to protest are represented by

Answer 33

maladaptive behaviors

Question 34

in autism the two areas of language that are most problematic are

Answer 34

content and use

Question 35

interpersonal speech

Answer 35

when they are talking to themselves about their interests

Question 36

nonliteral language and inferencing are

Answer 36

a deficit in autism

Question 37

when a child walks into a clinician we should focus on

Answer 37

pragmatics

Question 38

prognosis is related to two factors:

Answer 38

the level of cognitive skills that the child has and his language skills

Question 39

three major theories of autism

Answer 39

executive function
central coherence
theory of mid/mentalizing/social cognition

Question 40

executive function

Answer 40

metacognitive skills that we use to behave in everyday life, to plan our actions, etc. - this is the core of autism spectrum disorder

Question 41

central coherence

Answer 41

this is getting the gist of situations

- processing detailed information but also reading situations in everyday life and make decisions and make judgements