10.1 Language Disorders Flashcards
language disorders is a combo between
genetic programming and environmental factors
risk factors for language disorders
maternal substance abuse, malnutrition, neglect, social deprivation
fetal alcohol syndrome
growth deficiency specific facial features microencephaly tremors hyperactivity motor difficulties poor attention learning disabilities cognitive impairments seizures
with HIV, if aids is not developed…
language and comm. remain normal
with HIV, if aids are developed…
common infections will deter development
maltreatment
a child with developmental issue and communication impairment may cause for more neglect from parent
behavioral disorders ______________ with language and comm impairments
co occur
ADHD
- excessive attention and overactivity/impulsivity
- lack of object criteria
- context-dependent
- goes alone with fragile x, autism, learning dis, etc.
ADHD remediations
- behavior management
- self-monitoring
- medication
selective mutism
refusal to speak in certain situations
intellectual handicaps
- limitations in present functioning
- significantly subaverage intellectual functioning
- existing concurrently with related limitations in other adaptive skill areas
applicable adaptive skill areas that exist concurrently with intellectual handicap
- communication
- self-care
- home living
- social skills
- community use
- self direction
- health and safety
- functional academics
- leisure and work
- intellectual disability manifests before age 18
intellectual disability includes difficulty with
- directing attention to relevant aspects
- discrimination tasks
- organization
- recall
- use of strategies
- generalization
in int dis cognitive skills _________ through adulthood
grow
limitations in communication skills may be a first sign of
intellectual disability
patterns of impaired comm. skills
- MLU levels are reached at later ages
- gram morphemes learned in the same order
- fewer complex sentences, fewer elaborations and relative clauses
- phonological processes used longer
- more inconsistent artic errors
- vocabulary leaned more easily than syntax
- semantic relations expressed in a similar way as mental-age children
- concrete words preferred to abstract concepts
downs syndrome is caused by
an extra third copy of the 21st chromosome
down syndrome symptoms
mild to moderate IH hypotonia character face hyper-flexibility of joints ear anomalies (frequent otitis media) small canals oral-motor difficulties due to structure poor speech, language, and hearing rough breathy voice poor speech intelligibility poor articulation
downs syndrome strengths
semantic development
gestural use
reading
fragile X syndrome
genetic developmental disorder with intellectual and behavioral disability symptoms
fragile X syndrome
language delay is often first sign
early hypotonicity, sensory defensiveness, poor sucking and chewing and drooling
visual memory
can learn to read
imitation of what they see and hear
delayed expressive language and slow development
syntax most affected
reduced intelligibility
some dyspraxic qualities (planning, sequencing, execution of fluent speech)
fast, uneven speaking rate
hoarse, breathy voice quality; uneven loudness
sensory deficits
blindness
deaf-blindness
hearing impaired
otitis media
middle ear occlusion
otitis media solution
tube insertion for ventilation
sensorineural
cochlea iimpairment
conductive
external or middle ear
softest sound we can hear
0dB
sound level that causes pain
120 dB
mild hearing impairment means you cant hear
high frequency sounds (/s/)
hearing loss is identified as loss of more than
70dB
cochlear implants
sends (via a speech processor) a pattern of electrical impulses to the electrodes in the cochlea - the auditory nerve carries the signal to the brain where the signals are interpreted as a form of hearing
risk of cochlear implants are that they
completely destroy any residual hearing
requirements for CI
must have bilateral profound HL
receive minimal benefit from amplification
be enrolled in auditory therapy
have no other medical contradictions
after CI surgery
speech processor is activated
electrodes are gradually turned on (mapping is 9 mo process)
auditory and speech/language therapy is needed
successful outcome of CI depends on
age of implantation
cognitive skills
support education
