Week 11 - The larynx

Question 1

What are the functions of the larynx?

Answer 1

• Respiration
• Phonation
• Protect trachea during swallowing
• Coughing

Question 2

Describe the epiglottis and its function

Answer 2

• Elastic fibrocartilage which is posteriorly attached to thyroid by thyroepiglotic ligament
• Chnges shape to cover the trachea during swallowing

Question 3

Describe the innervation to the larynx

Answer 3

-Recurrent laryngeal does all larynx except cricothyroid which is superior laryngeal

Question 4

What is the supraglottis?

Answer 4

-Inferior surface of epiglottis to vestibular folds (false vocal cords)

Question 5

Where is the glottis?

Answer 5

-Vocal cords and 1cm inferiorly

Question 6

Where is the subglottis?

Answer 6

-Below the vocal cords to cricoid cartilage

Question 7

What moves the vocal cords?

Answer 7

-Artynoid cartilage attached to artynoid muscles

Question 8

Describe the layers of the vocal cords

Answer 8

• Stratified squamous epithelium
• Reinkes space
• Vocalis ligament
• Vocalis muscle

Question 9

What muscle abducts the vocal cords?

Answer 9

-Posterior cricoarytenoid

Question 10

What muscle adducts the vocal cords?

Answer 10

-Lateral cricoarytenoid

Question 11

Describe the blood supply to the larynx

Answer 11

• Superior and inferior laryngeal from the thyroid arteries

- Superior and inferior laryngeal veins

Question 12

What type of cancer is a laryngeal cancer most commonly?

Answer 12

-Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 13

give 3 differential diagnoses for a horse voice

Answer 13

• Laryngeal cancer
• Thyroid disease
• Apical lung cancer