Week 11: Interpersonal Attraction Flashcards
Social psychologist Arthur Aron suggested that a central human motivation is “_______”, where it is the desire to overlap or blend with another person, so that you have access to that person’s knowledge, insights, and experience. This then broaden and deepens your own experiences of life.
self-expansion
The ______ effect is the finding that the more we see and interact with people, the more likely they are to become our friends.
propinquity
Propinquity works because of familiarity, or the ____ ____ effect. This is whereby the more exposure we have to a stimulus, the more apt we are to like it.
mere exposure
The mere exposure effect suggests that the more often we see certain people, the ____ familiar they become. However, if the person in question has obvious negative qualities, the more exposure you have, the ____ your dislike becomes.
more familiar, greater your dislike becomes
Research evidence demonstrates that it is _______ and not _______ that draws people together.
similarity and not complementarity
A large body of research indicates that the more similar someone’s opinions are to yours, the _____ you will like the person.
a. more
b. less
a. more
Propinquity and initial similarity play a role in the formation of friendships, however, over time, students in the same academic share _____ experiences.
a. similar
b. different
similar
In a study, participants arrived at a psychology lab and were introduced to a partner who was already sitting.
They were then handed a chair and told to have a seat, the researchers measured how close the partner’s chair they put own their own chair.
It was found that pairs, judged as more physically similar, had sat _____ to each other.
a. further
b. closer
c. the same distance
b. closer
A study conducted by Nicholas Christakis and James Fowler looked at genetic predispositions in affecting friendships.
It was found that friends were _____ genetically similar than strangers.
a. less
b. more
c. not
d. (blank)
b. more
____ similarity refers to when individuals share interpersonal traits.
Actual
______ similarity refers to the extent to which one believes they are similar to another person.
Perceived
_______ liking, also known as the ______ of attraction, is the tendency for people to like others who express liking for them.
Reciprocal liking, reciprocity of attraction
“People’s perceptions of beauty are similar across cultures.”
Is this statement true or false?
True
A study looked into cultural differences in the perceptions of attractiveness.
Composite photos were made using photographs of Caucasian women, Caucasian men, Japanese women, and Japanese men.
Japanese and British participants showed ______ perceptions of facial attractiveness.
a. similar
b. different
similar
A study by Halberstady & Rhodes (2000) looked into how much of interpersonal attraction hinges on familiarity.
When researchers morphed a picture of each participant’s face (without the participant’s knowledge) with one of a person of the opposite sex.
When presented with the photo of their opposite-sex “clone”, participants gave it a/an ____ rating of attractiveness.
a. low
b. middling
c. high
c. high
Many studies have found that physical attractiveness affects the attributions people make about others, this tendency provides a specific example of the _____ effect.
halo
_____ effect is a cognitive bias by which we tend to assume that an individual with one positive characteristic also possesses other (even unrelated) positive characteristics.
Halo
Meta-analyses have revealed that physical attractiveness has a/the _____ effect on attributions related to social competence.
a. largest
b. smallest
c. middling
d. no
a. largest
The beautiful are thought to be ____ sociable, extroverted, assertive, sexual, and popular than the less attractive.
a. less
b. more
b. more
Which of the following examples best illustrates how familiarity plays a role in the propinquity effect?
a. Peter sends out an invitation to Tom for his party, as Tom had invited Peter over for his last month.
b. Zayn and Azim, whose dorm rooms are adjacent to each other’s, fall in love.
c. Chris and Peony start dating after having met each other via an online dating app as their personalities and
hobbies match.
d. Yin, an introvert by nature, and Yang, an extrovert by nature, find each other to be very interesting after having met for the first time at a conference.
c. Chris and Peony start dating after having met each other via an online dating app as their personalities and
hobbies match.
Which of the following is most likely to be due to the mere exposure effect?
a. Concert attendees have especially favorable attitudes toward songs that they have listened to toward the end
of their visit.
b. Sean, the CEO of a company, prefers the company’s new slogan to the existing one.
c. Radio listeners tend to like a song that the station had played multiple times in comparison to one that has
been played only once or twice.
d. Ruth, a high schooler, memorizes humorous poems at a much faster pace than she does dramatic poems.
c. Radio listeners tend to like a song that the station had played multiple times in comparison to one that has
been played only once or twice.
Similarity in terms of which of the following dimensions has been found to predict increased attraction?
a. attitudes
b. attractiveness level
c. genetics
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Which of the following statements is true?
a. We tend to like people who are genetically similar to us.
b. We are often attracted to people who share a similar life experience with us.
c. The more someone looks like us, the more attractive we typically find them to be.
d. All of the above.
d. All of the above.
Which of the following is not identified as a major predictor of attraction in long-term romantic relationships?
a. Similarity
b. Reciprocity
c. Complementarity
d. Propinquity
c. Complementarity
