Week 11: Aggression

Question 1

What forms can aggression take?

Answer 1

physical, verbal or non-verbal

Question 2

What is the definition of aggression?

Answer 2

intentional behaviour done to cause physical or emotional pain.

Question 3

What are the two types of aggression?

Answer 3

1) Hostile

2) Instrumental

Question 4

What is hostile aggression?

Answer 4

inflicting pain on someone else is the main goal

Question 5

What is instrumental aggression?

Answer 5

Inflicting pain on someone else is a means to an end.

Question 6

What are the causes of aggression?

Answer 6

situational, individual differences, and cultural differences.

Question 7

T/F:

Seeing aggressive behaviour leads others to copy, especially when the aggressive behaviour is rewarded.

Answer 7

TRUE

Sports (crowds cheer for fights, rough players getting playing time)

Business (cut throat behaviour –> raise)

Question 8

We learn social behaviour (aggression) by ___________ others and _______. SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

Answer 8

observing others and imitating

Question 9

What are some media (situational) influences of hostie aggression?

Answer 9

video games, movies, music

Question 10

Anderson & Dill (2000), correlation between amount of time playing violent video games and aggressive delinquent behaviour

Answer 10

r=.46

Question 11

In relation to situational infuences, what is income inequality?

Answer 11

not about how much you have, but how much you have relative to others nearby

Question 12

What is relative deprivation?

Answer 12

the discontent peoel feel when they compare their positions to others and realize that they have less of what they believe themselves to be entitled to than those around them

Question 13

Greater income inequality –> more homicides

WHY?

Answer 13

intense competition for economic resources and mates

Question 14

What is frustration-aggression theory?

Answer 14

When we become frustrated, we may act aggressively.

Question 15

What leads to frustration?

Answer 15

when a goal we’re striving for is blocked

Question 16

What is free will?

Answer 16

The notion that humans decide their actions

internal local of control

Question 17

What is determinism?

Answer 17

Behaviour is determined by external forces (ex. God)

External locus is related to determinism

Question 18

T/F: Locus of control is associated with attitudes about human aggression

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

According to StatsCan (2008), men were considered the accused in:

Answer 19

81% of cases of violent victimization against women

79% of caes of violent victimziation against men

Question 20

What is honour?

Answer 20

one’s worth in one’s own eyes and in the eyes of others

Emphasizes the importance of social image and one’s reputation

Question 21

T/F” Hnour might be especially important for collectivist cultures

Answer 21

TRUE
Family valuse, harmony, and respect are emphasized

a challenge to a persons honour can lead to aggression, violence, and even death.

Question 22

What is masculine honour?

Answer 22

follows an assertive male gender role

A person’s reputation for hard working, having and suporting a family, having sexual experience, and defending oneself against insults
An important predictor of violent crime and behaviour

BUt also respect, bravery, fearlessness, pride and charisma.

Question 23

What is southern culture of honour?

Answer 23

where men are extremely concerned with maintaining heir reputation and protecting their honour (in that culture)

Question 24

What is feminine honour?

Answer 24

follows traditional female gender roles

- the obligation of a woman to maintain her reputation behaving with sxual modesty and chastity.

Question 25

What is social honour?

Answer 25

the reputtaion of an individual for honesty and fair dealings
Expresses the image of the self to the persns social group

Question 26

What is family honour?

Answer 26

the view that one’s duty is to behave in a way that protects the honour of the family, and to ocrrect the reputation-damaging behavour of other family members

Question 27

What is catharsis?

Answer 27

“blowing off steam” by performing, watching or imagining an aggressive act

Releases built up aggressive energy –> reduce likelihood of aggressive behaviour

Concept from Freud’s theory of aggressive impulses –> hydraulic model

Question 28

Reducing aggression: violent sports

Answer 28

playing: football players are more aggressive late in the season

Watching: fans are more aggressive during/after games than before

Question 29

According to Albert Bandura, if kids see models react non-aggressively when provoked, less aggressive behaviour is a result

Answer 29

TRUE

Question 30

What is the defuse frustration/anger through apology..

Answer 30

quickly offering an apology for misdeeds avoids frustration turning to anger

Question 31

What is empathy?

Answer 31

ability to put oneself in the shoes of another person and experience some of the same feelings that person is experiencing

Question 32

Is catharsis (ex. violent sports) a good meethod to reduce aggression?

Answer 32

no

Question 33

What are 3 effective ways to reduce aggression?

Answer 33

Provide better role models

Defuse anger through apology

Empathy

Question 34

what is classism?

Answer 34

beliefs, attitudes, practices, and structures that create and maintain privileges for certain economic classes and disadvantages for other economic classes