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Week 104 - Self-harm Flashcards

1
Q

What is the presentation of benzodiazepine overdose?

A
  • Drowsiness / coma

* Ataxia

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2
Q

Give some examples of benzodiazepines.

A

Diazepam, Midalozam, Carbamazepine, chlordiazepoxide.

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3
Q

What is the treatment for benzodiazepine overdose?

A
  • Activated charcoal (within 1hr)

* Flumazenil

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4
Q

What is the presentation of Tricyclic antidepressant overdose?

A
  • Large pupils
  • Coma
  • Hypothermia
  • Arrhythmias and hypotension
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5
Q

Give some examples of Tricyclic antidepressants.

A

Amitryptiline, Butryptiline, Ritalin

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6
Q

What is the treatment for tricyclic antidepressant overdose?

A

No antidote.

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7
Q

What is the presentation of paracetamol overdose?

A
  • > 24hrs Anorexia and vomitting

* 3-5 days Abdo pain, abdo bruising, hypo/hyperglycaemia.

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8
Q

What is the treatment for paracetamol overdose?

A
  • Activated charcoal (if within 1 hr)

* N-Acetyl Cysteine

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9
Q

What is the presentation of opioid overdose?

A
  • Small pupils
  • Bradypnoea
  • Coma
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10
Q

Give some examples of opioids.

A

Morphine, Codeine, Tramadol

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11
Q

What is the treatment for opioid overdose?

A

Naloxene

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12
Q

What is the presentation of Beta-blocker overdose?

A

Bradycardia

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13
Q

What is the treatment for beta-blocker overdose?

A

Glucagon

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14
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the incidence of suicide in the UK?

A

15.5/100000 - males

6/100000 - females

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15
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the ratio of suicide between males and females in the UK?

A

3:1

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16
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What are the most common forms of suicide in males?

A

Hanging, oversode, carbon monoxide poisoning.

17
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the most common form of suicide in females?

18
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What are the four theories of social suicide?

A
  • Altruistic
  • Fatalistic
  • Egotistic
  • Anomie
19
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the altruistic theory of suicide?

A

Sacrifice for the sake of the group.

20
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the fatalistic theory of suicide?

A

Communality control, mass cult suicide.

21
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the egotistic theory of suicide?

A

Loss of integration within the community.

22
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the anomie theory of suicide?

A

Community in upheaval.

23
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the rate of self-harm in the UK?

A

400/100000

24
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: Which gender has a higher rate of self-harm?

25
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: Which age-groups are the peak for self harm? (Male/Female)

A

Female 15-24

Male 25-34

26
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: Forced emesis is no longer recommended, what substance is used and in which situation is it absolutely contra-indicated?

A
  • Ipecacuahana syrup.

* Absolutely contraindicated for the ingestion of corrosives, volatile hydrocarbons or rapidly acting proconvulsants.

27
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: A patient presents following overdose with the following symptoms; Coma, hypertonia, hyper-reflexia, myoclonus, tachycardia, Mydriasis. What is the likely poison?

A

Tri-cyclic anti-depressants.

28
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: A patient presents with Coma, Miosis (constricted pupils) and a reduced respiratory rate. What is the likely poison?

29
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: A patient presents with nausea, vomitting, tinnitus, deafness, sweating, hyperventilation, vasodilation and metabolic acidosis. What is the likely poison?

A

Salicylates (Aspirin)

30
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: A patient presents with coma, hypotonia, hyporeflexia, hypotension and an absent or extensor plantar response. What is the likely poison?

A

Benzodiazepines.

Barbiturates.

31
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: A patient presents with hyperthermia, tachycardia, delerium, agitation and mydriasis. What is the likely poison?

32
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: Plasma levels for which poison should be measured in all unconscious poisoned patients, why?

A
  • Paracetamol
  • Symptoms are not apparent, multiple drug ingestion is common, it is important to diagnose paracetamol overdose early when treatment is effective.
33
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the antidote for paracetamol?

A

N-acetyl cysteine.

34
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the antidote for Benzodiazepines?

A

Flumazenil.

35
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the antidote for Opiates?

36
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the antidote for B-blockers?

37
Q

Week 104 - Self-harm: What is the antidote for iron?

A

Desferrioxamine.

Revision Cards (61 decks)

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