Week 10: lower GIT

Question 1

difference between small bowel enema and small bowel follow through

Answer 1

enema:

• double contrast
• contrast through nasogastric tube

follow through:

• barium meal
• oral contrast

Question 2

what is longitudnal ridge

Answer 2

• psoas, aorta, ivc, lumbar vertebra

- colon may move anteriorly if it crosses this ridge

Question 3

contrast in colon. prone vs supine

Answer 3

prone=transverse
supine=descending/ascending

(air in opposites)

Question 4

Barium Enema (large bowel)

Answer 4

uses double contrast (injected via cath through bum)
feotal position
bag hight determines flow of barium

Question 5

Single contrast barium

Answer 5

used for childern and old people (is much faster)

- pressure can release intussusception of colon in kids

Question 6

Water soluble contrast examination of bowel

Answer 6

• if barium cant be used

Question 7

How do we see the hapatic and spleenic flexture

Answer 7

hapatic flexture is on radiographic right (do RAO)

spleenic flexture is radiographic left (do LAO)

Question 8

After care

Answer 8

evacuate bowel
drink water;
laxatives - buscopan poo out barium

Risks= consitpation
colon perforation during exam

Question 9

difference between jejunum and iluem

Answer 9

jej more folds (coin stack appearance)

Question 10

Pathologies to know

Answer 10

ulcerative colitis
diverticular disease
carcimona (apple core)

Question 11

what is a colostomy

Answer 11

large bowel is cut. and exits exsternally at stomach into bag

Question 12

what is proctography

Answer 12

real time imaging of a poo

Question 13

contraindications

Answer 13

bowel obstructions 
perforation 
recent barium swallow
allergy
no bowel prep (food can mimick)